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Maria Wielsøe Centre for Arctic Health & Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

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Christian Bjerregaard-Olesen Centre for Arctic Health & Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

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Peder Kern Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Dronning Ingrid’s Hospital, Nuuk, Greenland

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Eva Cecilie Bonefeld-Jørgensen Centre for Arctic Health & Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Institute for Nursing and Health Science, University of Greenland, Nuuk, Greenland

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Introduction Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women, and tumor growth is often hormone dependent ( Ferlay et al . 2015 ). Estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptor are expressed in up to 75% of all breast cancer tumors

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-17-0366
Volume/Issue:
Volume 25: Issue 3
Free access
Xiao-Dong Fu Molecular and Cellular Gynecological Endocrinology Laboratory (MCGEL), Department of Physiology, Department of Reproductive Medicine and Child Development, University of Pisa, Pisa 56100, Italy
Molecular and Cellular Gynecological Endocrinology Laboratory (MCGEL), Department of Physiology, Department of Reproductive Medicine and Child Development, University of Pisa, Pisa 56100, Italy

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Lorenzo Goglia Molecular and Cellular Gynecological Endocrinology Laboratory (MCGEL), Department of Physiology, Department of Reproductive Medicine and Child Development, University of Pisa, Pisa 56100, Italy

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Angel Matias Sanchez Molecular and Cellular Gynecological Endocrinology Laboratory (MCGEL), Department of Physiology, Department of Reproductive Medicine and Child Development, University of Pisa, Pisa 56100, Italy

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Marina Flamini Molecular and Cellular Gynecological Endocrinology Laboratory (MCGEL), Department of Physiology, Department of Reproductive Medicine and Child Development, University of Pisa, Pisa 56100, Italy

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Maria S Giretti Molecular and Cellular Gynecological Endocrinology Laboratory (MCGEL), Department of Physiology, Department of Reproductive Medicine and Child Development, University of Pisa, Pisa 56100, Italy

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Veronica Tosi Molecular and Cellular Gynecological Endocrinology Laboratory (MCGEL), Department of Physiology, Department of Reproductive Medicine and Child Development, University of Pisa, Pisa 56100, Italy

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Andrea R Genazzani Molecular and Cellular Gynecological Endocrinology Laboratory (MCGEL), Department of Physiology, Department of Reproductive Medicine and Child Development, University of Pisa, Pisa 56100, Italy

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Tommaso Simoncini Molecular and Cellular Gynecological Endocrinology Laboratory (MCGEL), Department of Physiology, Department of Reproductive Medicine and Child Development, University of Pisa, Pisa 56100, Italy

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Introduction Progesterone is a major regulator of breast epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation; however, the connection between this hormone and breast cancer is still a matter of debate ( Yager & Davidson 2006 , Hankinson & Eliassen

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/ERC-09-0258
Volume/Issue:
Volume 17: Issue 2
Free access
Vasily N Aushev Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA

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Kalpana Gopalakrishnan Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA

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Susan L Teitelbaum Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA

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Humberto Parada Jr Division of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA

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Regina M Santella Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA

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Marilie D Gammon University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA

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Jia Chen Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
Department of Medicine, Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA

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progression of breast cancer ( Darbre & Harvey 2014 , Giulivo et al. 2016 , Benjamin et al. 2017 ), but existing data on this subject are scarce, especially for humans. Our study focuses on two specific phthalate and paraben congeners: diethyl

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-19-0357
Volume/Issue:
Volume 26: Issue 12
Restricted access
Tanya K Day
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Tina Bianco-Miotto Dame Roma Mitchell Cancer Research Laboratories, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, School of Agriculture, Discipline of Medicine, Hanson Institute, Adelaide Prostate Cancer Research Centre, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
Dame Roma Mitchell Cancer Research Laboratories, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, School of Agriculture, Discipline of Medicine, Hanson Institute, Adelaide Prostate Cancer Research Centre, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia

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Introduction Numerous diseases are associated with abnormal hormonal regulation including breast and prostate cancers. Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease that can be classified in many ways. The most primary classification is by hormone

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-13-0204
Volume/Issue:
Volume 20: Issue 5
Free access
T Kogai
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K Taki
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G A Brent
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concentrate iodide to a similar degree as that seen in the thyroid, producing milk with an iodine concentration of 20–700 μg/l ( Simon et al. 2002 b ). NIS expression has been demonstrated in more than 80% breast cancer tissue, although the fraction of

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/erc.1.01143
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 3
Free access
Alyson Murray UCD School of Medicine, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

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Stephen F Madden Division of Population Health Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland

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Naoise C Synnott UCD School of Medicine, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

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Rut Klinger UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

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Darran O'Connor Department of Molecular & Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Dublin, Ireland

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Norma O'Donovan National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology (NICB), Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland

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William Gallagher UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

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John Crown Department of Medical Oncology, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland

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Michael J Duffy UCD School of Medicine, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
UCD Clinical Research Centre, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland

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have been widely exploited as therapeutic targets in cancer (i.e., ER in breast cancer ( EBCTCG et al. 2011 ) and AR in prostate cancer ( Valenca et al. 2015 )), less work has been carried out on targeting VDR. There are, however, several

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-16-0463
Volume/Issue:
Volume 24: Issue 4
Free access
Adena E Rosenblatt
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Maria Ines Garcia
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Leah Lyons Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Nova Southeastern University, Department of Medicine, ExonHit Therapeutics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 Northwest 10th Avenue (R-189), Miami, Florida 33136, USA

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Yingqiu Xie Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Nova Southeastern University, Department of Medicine, ExonHit Therapeutics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 Northwest 10th Avenue (R-189), Miami, Florida 33136, USA

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Carol Maiorino
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Laurent Désiré Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Nova Southeastern University, Department of Medicine, ExonHit Therapeutics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 Northwest 10th Avenue (R-189), Miami, Florida 33136, USA

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Joyce Slingerland Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Nova Southeastern University, Department of Medicine, ExonHit Therapeutics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1600 Northwest 10th Avenue (R-189), Miami, Florida 33136, USA

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Kerry L Burnstein
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implicated in breast cancer cell invasion and metastasis ( Fritz et al . 2002 , Burbelo et al . 2004 , Baugher et al . 2005 , Chan et al . 2005 , Xie & Haslam 2008 ). Furthermore, Rho GTPases may also function as mediators of epidermal growth factor

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/ERC-10-0049
Volume/Issue:
Volume 18: Issue 2
Free access
Aleksandra M Ochnik Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia

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Robert C Baxter Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia

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, in the inhibition of the human epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor-2 (HER2) in women with HER2-positive breast cancer and the blockade of EGF receptor kinase activity in non-small-cell lung cancer. In contrast, the insulin-like growth factor (IGF

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-16-0218
Volume/Issue:
Volume 23: Issue 11
Free access
L Zeng IGFs and Metabolic Endocrinology Group, Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Learning and Research Building, Southmead Hospital, Bristol BS10 1TD, UK

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H A Zielinska IGFs and Metabolic Endocrinology Group, Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Learning and Research Building, Southmead Hospital, Bristol BS10 1TD, UK

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A Arshad IGFs and Metabolic Endocrinology Group, Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Learning and Research Building, Southmead Hospital, Bristol BS10 1TD, UK

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J P Shield IGFs and Metabolic Endocrinology Group, Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Learning and Research Building, Southmead Hospital, Bristol BS10 1TD, UK

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A Bahl IGFs and Metabolic Endocrinology Group, Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Learning and Research Building, Southmead Hospital, Bristol BS10 1TD, UK

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J M P Holly IGFs and Metabolic Endocrinology Group, Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Learning and Research Building, Southmead Hospital, Bristol BS10 1TD, UK

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C M Perks IGFs and Metabolic Endocrinology Group, Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Learning and Research Building, Southmead Hospital, Bristol BS10 1TD, UK

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Introduction Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women with a lifetime risk of one in eight. In all Western societies women present with breast cancer are increasingly likely to also suffer from co-morbid conditions such as diabetes and

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-15-0507
Volume/Issue:
Volume 23: Issue 2
Free access
Etienne Leygue Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, University of Manitoba, 675 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3E 0V9

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Leigh C Murphy Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, University of Manitoba, 675 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3E 0V9

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Introduction The critical role of estrogen in human breast cancer is undisputed. The practical consequences of the concept of inhibiting the mitogenic action of estrogen on breast cancer cells have been the successful establishment of the endocrine

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-12-0389
Volume/Issue:
Volume 20: Issue 3
Free access