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Britt B M Suelmann Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands

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Carmen van Dooijeweert Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands

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Carsten F J Bakhuis Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands

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Sabine Linn Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute (AVL-NKI), Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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Elsken van der Wall Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands

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Paul J van Diest Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands

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Introduction Breast cancer is the most common type of invasive cancer among pregnant women ( Smith et al. 2003 ) and has been reported to affect 1 in 3000 to 10,000 pregnancies ( Antonelli et al. 1996 , Loibl et al. 2006 ). The average

Article Type:
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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-21-0206
Volume/Issue:
Volume 29: Issue 3
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Conleth G Murphy Bons Secours Hospital Cork, Medical Oncology, Cork, Ireland
University College Cork, Medicine, Cork, Ireland

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Maura N Dickler Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Breast Medicine Service, New York, New York, USA
Joan and Sanford I Weill Medical College of Cornell University, Medicine, New York, New York, USA

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Introduction Approximately 70% of advanced breast cancers are considered ‘hormone responsive’ as defined by expression of the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), or both. Various thresholds have been proposed for the level of

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-16-0121
Volume/Issue:
Volume 23: Issue 8
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Ton van Agthoven Department of Pathology, Cancer Genomics Center

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Anieta M Sieuwerts Department of Pathology, Cancer Genomics Center

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Danielle Meijer Department of Pathology, Cancer Genomics Center

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Marion E Meijer-van Gelder Department of Pathology, Cancer Genomics Center

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Thecla L A van Agthoven Department of Pathology, Cancer Genomics Center

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Roya Sarwari Department of Pathology, Cancer Genomics Center

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Stefan Sleijfer Department of Pathology, Cancer Genomics Center

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John A Foekens Department of Pathology, Cancer Genomics Center
Department of Pathology, Cancer Genomics Center

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Lambert C J Dorssers Department of Pathology, Cancer Genomics Center

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Introduction Estrogens play important roles in the establishment and progression of breast cancer. As a consequence, endocrine treatment modalities have been designed to counter the supportive role of estrogens in breast cancer. In the past

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/ERC-09-0062
Volume/Issue:
Volume 17: Issue 1
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Shyh-Han Tan Department of Cancer Biology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, 233 South 10th Street, BLSB 309, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA

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Marja T Nevalainen Department of Cancer Biology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, 233 South 10th Street, BLSB 309, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA

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, Kindblom et al . 2002 , 2003 ). Autocrine PRL in prostate and breast tissue became important findings, since local production of PRL provided an explanation as to why the results of studies trying to link breast or prostate cancer incidence or progression

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Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/ERC-08-0013
Volume/Issue:
Volume 15: Issue 2
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R Kaaks
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S Rinaldi
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T J Key
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F Berrino
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P H M Peeters
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C Biessy
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L Dossus
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A Lukanova
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S Bingham
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K-T Khaw
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N E Allen
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H B Bueno-de-Mesquita
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C H van Gils
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D Grobbee
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H Boeing
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P H Lahmann
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G Nagel
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J Chang-Claude
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F Clavel-Chapelon
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A Fournier
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A Thiébaut
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C A González
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J R Quirós
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M-J Tormo
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E Ardanaz
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P Amiano
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V Krogh
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D Palli
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S Panico
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R Tumino
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P Vineis
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A Trichopoulou
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V Kalapothaki
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D Trichopoulos
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P Ferrari
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T Norat
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R Saracci
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E Riboli
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Introduction Most of the established epidemiological risk factors for breast cancer are related to alterations in endogenous hormone metabolism ( Pike et al . 1993 , Russo & Russo 1999 , Russo et al . 2000 , Key et al . 2001

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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/erc.1.01038
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 4
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Teeranut Asavasupreechar Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Tōhoku, Japan

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Ryoko Saito-Koyama Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Tōhoku, Japan
Department of Pathology, National Hospital Organization, Sendai Medical Center, Sendai, Miyagi, Tōhoku, Japan

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Yasuhiro Miki Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Tōhoku, Japan

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Keiichi Tamai Division of Cancer Stem Cell, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Miyagi, Tōhoku, Japan

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Jiro Abe Division of Thoracic Surgery, Miyagi Cancer Center, Natori, Miyagi, Tōhoku, Japan

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Chihiro Inoue Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Tōhoku, Japan

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Ikuro Sato Division of Pathology, Miyagi Cancer Center, Natori, Miyagi, Tōhoku, Japan

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Viroj Boonyaratanakornkit Department of Clinical Chemistry and Age-related Inflammation and Degeneration Research Unit, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand

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Hironobu Sasano Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Tōhoku, Japan

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Introduction Sex steroid hormones and their receptors are well known to play important roles in breast cancer progression. Progesterone receptor (PR) has two main isoforms, PR isoform A (PRA) and PR isoform B (PRB), in human tissues ( Conneely

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-22-0204
Volume/Issue:
Volume 30: Issue 7
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Yuanzhong Wang Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA

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Yen-Dun Tony Tzeng Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, Republic of China

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Gregory Chang Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA

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Xiaoqiang Wang Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA

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Shiuan Chen Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA

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Introduction Approximately 70% breast cancers are estrogen receptor positive (ER+), and endocrine therapy is the main treatment for ER+ breast cancer patients. Selective ER modulators (e.g. tamoxifen) and aromatase inhibitors (AIs) constitute

Article Type:
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https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-20-0258
Volume/Issue:
Volume 27: Issue 12
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S Rinaldi
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P H M Peeters
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F Berrino
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L Dossus
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C Biessy
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A Olsen
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A Tjonneland
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K Overvad
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F Clavel-Chapelon
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M C Boutron-Ruault
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B Téhard
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G Nagel
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J Linseisen
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H Boeing
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P H Lahmann
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A Trichopoulou
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D Trichopoulos
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M Koliva
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D Palli
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S Panico
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R Tumino
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C Sacerdote
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C H van Gils
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P van Noord
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D E Grobbee
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H B Bueno-de-Mesquita
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C A Gonzalez
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A Agudo
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M D Chirlaque
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A Barricarte
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N Larrañaga
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J R Quiros
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S Bingham
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K T Khaw
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T Key
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N E Allen
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A Lukanova
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N Slimani
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R Saracci
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E Riboli
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R Kaaks
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) have been published on the relationship between total IGF-I and IGFBP-3 concentrations in blood and breast cancer ( Renehan et al . 2004 , Shi et al . 2004 , Sugumar et al . 2004 , Fletcher et al . 2005 ), which indicated an overall increase in

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https://doi.org/10.1677/erc.1.01150
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 2
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Marina Brama
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Sabrina Basciani
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Sara Cherubini
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Stefania Mariani
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Silvia Migliaccio
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Mario Arizzi
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Giuseppe Rosano
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Giovanni Spera
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Lucio Gnessi
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KL/c-kit in breast neoplasias. KL and c-kit are high in normal mammary gland, significantly lower in in situ and almost completely undetectable in invasive breast cancer ( Ulivi et al. 2004 , Yared et al. 2004 ). Breast carcinoma is known to

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https://doi.org/10.1677/erc.1.01307
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Volume 14: Issue 1
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K S Kimbro Department of Hematology and Oncology, Emory School of Medicine, Winship Cancer Institute, 1365 Clifton Road, NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA

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J W Simons Department of Hematology and Oncology, Emory School of Medicine, Winship Cancer Institute, 1365 Clifton Road, NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA

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-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) complex. HIF-1 is involved in the cancer biology of many endocrine tumors. This review will concentrate on endocrine oncology: HIF-1 in breast cancer and prostate cancer, specifically. New data on HIF-1 signaling and the potential for

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Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/erc.1.00728
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 3
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