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Su Jung Oh
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Holger H H Erb
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Alfred Hobisch Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Department of Urology, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria

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Frédéric R Santer
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Zoran Culig
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available. Androgen receptor (AR) was shown to play a critical role in progression of prostate cancer ( Grossmann et al . 2001 ). Activated AR interacts with androgen response elements in the promoters of target genes including prostate-specific antigen

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Martina Gruber Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria

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Lavinia Ferrone Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy

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Martin Puhr Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria

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Frédéric R Santer Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria

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Tobias Furlan Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria

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Iris E Eder Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria

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Natalie Sampson Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria

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Georg Schäfer Department of Pathology, Neuropathology, and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria

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Florian Handle Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

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Zoran Culig Division of Experimental Urology, Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria

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dataset GSE77930 ( Kumar et al. 2016 ) was downloaded from the GEO database and analyzed with the Qlucore Omics Explorer v3.5. Gene set activity scores for the Hallmark ‘Androgen response’ and ‘Myc targets’ gene sets (Molecular Signatures Database

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Elisabetta Pietri Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Forlì-Cesena, Italy

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Vincenza Conteduca Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Forlì-Cesena, Italy

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Daniele Andreis Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Forlì-Cesena, Italy

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Ilaria Massa Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Forlì-Cesena, Italy

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Elisabetta Melegari Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Forlì-Cesena, Italy

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Samanta Sarti Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Forlì-Cesena, Italy

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Lorenzo Cecconetto Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Forlì-Cesena, Italy

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Alessio Schirone Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Forlì-Cesena, Italy

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Sara Bravaccini Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Forlì-Cesena, Italy

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Patrizia Serra Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Forlì-Cesena, Italy

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Anna Fedeli Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Forlì-Cesena, Italy

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Roberta Maltoni Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Forlì-Cesena, Italy

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Dino Amadori Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Forlì-Cesena, Italy

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Ugo De Giorgi Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Forlì-Cesena, Italy

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Andrea Rocca Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Forlì-Cesena, Italy

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androgen response element (ARE) and dimerization of receptor on DNA, which leads to an AR–transcription complex with transcriptional activity through NTD–LBD interaction. After completing its molecular activity, the AR–transcription complex is rapidly

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J Yang Department of Molecular Biology, Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Basic Medicine

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Y-L Zhao Department of Molecular Biology, Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Basic Medicine

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Z-Q Wu Department of Molecular Biology, Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Basic Medicine

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Y-L Si Department of Molecular Biology, Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Basic Medicine

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Y-G Meng Department of Molecular Biology, Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Basic Medicine

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X-B Fu Department of Molecular Biology, Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Basic Medicine

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Y-M Mu Department of Molecular Biology, Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Basic Medicine

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W-D Han Department of Molecular Biology, Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Basic Medicine

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. 1989 ). In the absence of androgen, AR is inactive and unable to influence the transcription rate of its target gene promoters. Androgen-bound AR engages with androgen response elements in the promoter and enhancer regions of target genes and regulates

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D Alwyn Dart
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Bradley Spencer-Dene Androgen Signalling Laboratory, Department of Histopathology, Department of Oncology, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK

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Simon C Gamble
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Jonathan Waxman
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Charlotte L Bevan
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, AR is cytoplasmic; ligand binding induces an active conformation and translocation into the nucleus where it binds specific androgen response elements (AREs) in the regulatory regions of target genes, thus influencing rates of gene transactivation. AR

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Cera M Nieto Department of Pharmacology University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA

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Leah C Rider Department of Pharmacology University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA

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Scott D Cramer Department of Pharmacology University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA

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receptor; ARE, androgen response element; FGF, fibroblast growth factor; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; IGF1, insulin-like growth factor 1; TGFβ, transforming growth factor beta; PTEN, phosphatase and tensin homolog; PI3K, phosphatidylinositol-4

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Tracy Proverbs-Singh Breast Medicine Service, Genitourinary Oncology Service, Weill Cornell Medical College, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 300 East 66th Street, New York, New York 10065, USA

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Jarett L Feldman Breast Medicine Service, Genitourinary Oncology Service, Weill Cornell Medical College, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 300 East 66th Street, New York, New York 10065, USA

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Michael J Morris Breast Medicine Service, Genitourinary Oncology Service, Weill Cornell Medical College, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 300 East 66th Street, New York, New York 10065, USA
Breast Medicine Service, Genitourinary Oncology Service, Weill Cornell Medical College, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 300 East 66th Street, New York, New York 10065, USA

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Karen A Autio Breast Medicine Service, Genitourinary Oncology Service, Weill Cornell Medical College, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 300 East 66th Street, New York, New York 10065, USA
Breast Medicine Service, Genitourinary Oncology Service, Weill Cornell Medical College, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 300 East 66th Street, New York, New York 10065, USA

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Tiffany A Traina Breast Medicine Service, Genitourinary Oncology Service, Weill Cornell Medical College, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 300 East 66th Street, New York, New York 10065, USA
Breast Medicine Service, Genitourinary Oncology Service, Weill Cornell Medical College, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 300 East 66th Street, New York, New York 10065, USA

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genomic androgen response elements ( Gelmann 2002 , Lee & Chang 2003 , Claessens et al . 2008 ). In normal tissue, androgen-responsive genes are important for normal prostate architecture, homeostasis, and physiological function. In prostate cancer (PCa

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Sheeba Jacob
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S Nayak
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Gwendolyn Fernandes Primate Biology Laboratory, GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, The Centre for Medical Bioinformatics, Department of Pathology, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (NIRRH), Indian Council of Medical Research, JM Street, Parel, Mumbai 400012, India

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R S Barai Primate Biology Laboratory, GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, The Centre for Medical Bioinformatics, Department of Pathology, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (NIRRH), Indian Council of Medical Research, JM Street, Parel, Mumbai 400012, India

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S Menon Primate Biology Laboratory, GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, The Centre for Medical Bioinformatics, Department of Pathology, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (NIRRH), Indian Council of Medical Research, JM Street, Parel, Mumbai 400012, India

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U K Chaudhari
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S D Kholkute
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Geetanjali Sachdeva
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in DU145 and lowest levels in LNCaP cells ( Fig. 4 A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H). This prompted us to in silico explore the presence of androgen response elements (AREs) and ZEB2-binding sites in MIR200A and MIR200B genes. Figure 10 (A) miR200a and

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Tobias Zellweger
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Susanne Stürm Department of Urology, Institute for Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Department of Urology, St Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland

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Silvia Rey Department of Urology, Institute for Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Department of Urology, St Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland

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Inti Zlobec Department of Urology, Institute for Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Department of Urology, St Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland

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Joel R Gsponer Department of Urology, Institute for Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Department of Urology, St Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland

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Cyrill A Rentsch Department of Urology, Institute for Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Department of Urology, St Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology, Institute for Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Department of Urology, St Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland

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Luigi M Terracciano Department of Urology, Institute for Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Department of Urology, St Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland

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Alexander Bachmann Department of Urology, Institute for Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Department of Urology, St Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland

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Lukas Bubendorf Department of Urology, Institute for Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Department of Urology, St Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland

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Christian Ruiz Department of Urology, Institute for Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Department of Urology, St Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland

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. 1999 , Feldman & Feldman 2001 ). The active AR homodimers are able to bind to androgen-response elements (AREs) and thus lead to the transcriptional activation of AR target genes, such as the prostate-specific antigen ( PSA ), as well as other genes

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Jonathan Nyce ACGT Biotechnology, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA

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://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-3-199608010-00011 ) Clinckemalie L Spans L Dubois V Laurent M Helsen C Joniau S Claessens F 2013 Androgen regulation of the TMPRSS2 gene and the effect of a SNP in an androgen response element . Molecular

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