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Institut Cochin, Inserm, Department of Endocrinology, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS (UMR 8104), 75014 Paris, France
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Institut Cochin, Inserm, Department of Endocrinology, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS (UMR 8104), 75014 Paris, France
Institut Cochin, Inserm, Department of Endocrinology, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS (UMR 8104), 75014 Paris, France
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Institut Cochin, Inserm, Department of Endocrinology, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS (UMR 8104), 75014 Paris, France
Institut Cochin, Inserm, Department of Endocrinology, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS (UMR 8104), 75014 Paris, France
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Introduction Unilateral adrenocortical tumors (ACT) are either benign (adenomas) or malignant (cancers). Adenomas are rather common, and are frequently found as incidental tumors ( Grumbach et al . 2003 ). The clinical manifestations of ACTs may be
Hormonal Biology Laboratory, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
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Department of Endocrinology, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
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Introduction Adrenocortical tumors can be unilateral or bilateral, secreting or non-secreting various types of adrenal steroids depending on tumor type. Unilateral adrenocortical tumors are frequent in the general population; most of them are
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Introduction Adrenocortical tumors, mostly benign adenomas, are frequent in the general population and nowadays most often found incidentally ( Grumbach et al. 2003 ). By contrast, adrenocortical cancer (ACC) is rare, with an
Departments of Oncology-Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Cancer Center Karolinska (CCK), Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Departments of Oncology-Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Cancer Center Karolinska (CCK), Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Departments of Oncology-Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Cancer Center Karolinska (CCK), Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Departments of Oncology-Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Cancer Center Karolinska (CCK), Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Departments of Oncology-Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Cancer Center Karolinska (CCK), Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Departments of Oncology-Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Cancer Center Karolinska (CCK), Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Departments of Oncology-Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Cancer Center Karolinska (CCK), Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Departments of Oncology-Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Cancer Center Karolinska (CCK), Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Departments of Oncology-Pathology, Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Cancer Center Karolinska (CCK), Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Introduction Adrenocortical tumors are detected in up to 7% of the population and are often found as incidental tumors ( Hammarstedt et al . 2010 ). The majority of these tumors are adenomas while only a small proportion are classified as
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Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital and Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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performed in order to determine if the DICER1 is a viable therapeutic target. DICER1 mutations in medullary and adrenocortical tumors In the last decade, genomic approaches have been successfully applied to adrenocortical and medullary tumors
Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
Department of Immunology and Oncology National Center for Biotechnology, CNB-CSIC, Cantoblanco, Madrid E-28049, Spain
Endocrinology and Nutrition Service Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Av. Julian Clavería s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
Department of Immunology and Oncology National Center for Biotechnology, CNB-CSIC, Cantoblanco, Madrid E-28049, Spain
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Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
Department of Immunology and Oncology National Center for Biotechnology, CNB-CSIC, Cantoblanco, Madrid E-28049, Spain
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Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
Department of Immunology and Oncology National Center for Biotechnology, CNB-CSIC, Cantoblanco, Madrid E-28049, Spain
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Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
Department of Immunology and Oncology National Center for Biotechnology, CNB-CSIC, Cantoblanco, Madrid E-28049, Spain
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Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
Department of Immunology and Oncology National Center for Biotechnology, CNB-CSIC, Cantoblanco, Madrid E-28049, Spain
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Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
Department of Immunology and Oncology National Center for Biotechnology, CNB-CSIC, Cantoblanco, Madrid E-28049, Spain
Endocrinology and Nutrition Service Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Av. Julian Clavería s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
Department of Immunology and Oncology National Center for Biotechnology, CNB-CSIC, Cantoblanco, Madrid E-28049, Spain
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hormones and include adrenal gland tumor (adrenocortical carcinoma, ACC), islet cell tumors (gastrinoma, VIPoma, glucagonoma, and somatostatinoma), neuroendocrine tumors (such as pheochromocytoma), parathyroid and thyroid carcinomas, among others. In the
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Department of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Environmental Mutagenesis and Carcinogenesis, Department of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Institute of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, Thessaloniki 54006, Greece
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Department of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Environmental Mutagenesis and Carcinogenesis, Department of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Institute of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, Thessaloniki 54006, Greece
Department of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Environmental Mutagenesis and Carcinogenesis, Department of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Institute of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, Thessaloniki 54006, Greece
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Introduction Adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare endocrine tumor with overall poor prognosis. Complete surgical resection is the only potentially curative treatment, but even then, distant recurrences are common. Adrenocortical carcinoma is resistant
Department of Pediatric Oncology–Hematology Erasmus MC–Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Sector of Endocrinology Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Cancer Biology and Metabolism Group Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Department of Medical Genetics University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
Department of Surgery Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Department of Medical Oncology Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Department of Pathology Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Delft, The Netherlands
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Department of Pediatric Oncology–Hematology Erasmus MC–Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Sector of Endocrinology Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Cancer Biology and Metabolism Group Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Department of Medical Genetics University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
Department of Surgery Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Department of Medical Oncology Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Department of Pathology Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Delft, The Netherlands
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Department of Pediatric Oncology–Hematology Erasmus MC–Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Sector of Endocrinology Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Cancer Biology and Metabolism Group Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Department of Medical Genetics University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
Department of Surgery Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Department of Medical Oncology Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Department of Pathology Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Delft, The Netherlands
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Department of Pediatric Oncology–Hematology Erasmus MC–Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Sector of Endocrinology Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Cancer Biology and Metabolism Group Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Department of Medical Genetics University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
Department of Surgery Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Department of Medical Oncology Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Department of Pathology Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Delft, The Netherlands
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Department of Pediatric Oncology–Hematology Erasmus MC–Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Sector of Endocrinology Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Cancer Biology and Metabolism Group Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Department of Medical Genetics University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
Department of Surgery Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Department of Medical Oncology Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Department of Pathology Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Delft, The Netherlands
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Department of Pediatric Oncology–Hematology Erasmus MC–Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Sector of Endocrinology Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Cancer Biology and Metabolism Group Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Department of Medical Genetics University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
Department of Surgery Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Department of Medical Oncology Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Department of Pathology Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Delft, The Netherlands
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Department of Pediatric Oncology–Hematology Erasmus MC–Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Sector of Endocrinology Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Cancer Biology and Metabolism Group Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Department of Medical Genetics University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
Department of Surgery Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Department of Medical Oncology Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Department of Pathology Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Delft, The Netherlands
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Department of Pediatric Oncology–Hematology Erasmus MC–Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Sector of Endocrinology Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Cancer Biology and Metabolism Group Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Department of Medical Genetics University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
Department of Surgery Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Department of Medical Oncology Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Department of Pathology Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Delft, The Netherlands
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Department of Pediatric Oncology–Hematology Erasmus MC–Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Sector of Endocrinology Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Cancer Biology and Metabolism Group Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Department of Medical Genetics University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
Department of Surgery Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Department of Medical Oncology Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Department of Pathology Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Delft, The Netherlands
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Department of Pediatric Oncology–Hematology Erasmus MC–Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Sector of Endocrinology Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Cancer Biology and Metabolism Group Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Department of Medical Genetics University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
Department of Surgery Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Department of Medical Oncology Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Department of Pathology Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Delft, The Netherlands
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Department of Pediatric Oncology–Hematology Erasmus MC–Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Sector of Endocrinology Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Cancer Biology and Metabolism Group Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Department of Medical Genetics University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
Department of Surgery Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Department of Medical Oncology Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Department of Pathology Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Delft, The Netherlands
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Department of Pediatric Oncology–Hematology Erasmus MC–Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Sector of Endocrinology Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Cancer Biology and Metabolism Group Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Department of Medical Genetics University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
Department of Surgery Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Department of Medical Oncology Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Department of Pathology Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Delft, The Netherlands
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Department of Pediatric Oncology–Hematology Erasmus MC–Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Sector of Endocrinology Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Cancer Biology and Metabolism Group Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Department of Medical Genetics University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
Department of Surgery Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Department of Medical Oncology Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Department of Pathology Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Delft, The Netherlands
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Department of Pediatric Oncology–Hematology Erasmus MC–Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Sector of Endocrinology Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Cancer Biology and Metabolism Group Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Department of Medical Genetics University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
Department of Surgery Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Department of Medical Oncology Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Department of Pathology Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Delft, The Netherlands
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Department of Pediatric Oncology–Hematology Erasmus MC–Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Sector of Endocrinology Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Cancer Biology and Metabolism Group Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Department of Medical Genetics University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
Department of Surgery Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Department of Medical Oncology Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Department of Pathology Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Delft, The Netherlands
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Department of Pediatric Oncology–Hematology Erasmus MC–Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Sector of Endocrinology Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Cancer Biology and Metabolism Group Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Department of Medical Genetics University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
Department of Surgery Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Department of Medical Oncology Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Department of Pathology Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Delft, The Netherlands
Department of Pathology Josephine Nefkens Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Department of Pediatric Oncology–Hematology Erasmus MC–Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Sector of Endocrinology Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Cancer Biology and Metabolism Group Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Department of Medical Genetics University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
Department of Surgery Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Department of Medical Oncology Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Department of Pathology Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Delft, The Netherlands
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Department of Pediatric Oncology–Hematology Erasmus MC–Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Sector of Endocrinology Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Cancer Biology and Metabolism Group Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Department of Medical Genetics University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
Department of Surgery Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Department of Medical Oncology Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Department of Pathology Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Delft, The Netherlands
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Department of Pediatric Oncology–Hematology Erasmus MC–Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Sector of Endocrinology Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Cancer Biology and Metabolism Group Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Department of Medical Genetics University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
Department of Surgery Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Division of Endocrinology Department of Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Department of Medical Oncology Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Department of Pathology Reinier de Graaf Hospital, Delft, The Netherlands
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normal adrenocortical tissue. No RNA was available to test the remaining tumors endowed with the C228T and C250T mutations. Statistical analysis Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS (IBM SPPS Statistics, version 20) on a series of 218 tumors
Laboratory for Functional Genomics, Institute of Biomedicine, Endocrine and Metabolic Surgery Department, Department of Endocrinology, Department of Genetics, Division of Surgery, The K G Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer Research, Pathology Department, Nuclear Endocrine Imaging and Treatment Department, Cancer Research UK, Department of Human Genetics, Genotyping Facilities, Department of Clinical Molecular Biology (EpiGen), Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Laboratory for Epigenetics and Environment, Fondation Jean Dausset – Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Paris, France
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Laboratory for Functional Genomics, Institute of Biomedicine, Endocrine and Metabolic Surgery Department, Department of Endocrinology, Department of Genetics, Division of Surgery, The K G Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer Research, Pathology Department, Nuclear Endocrine Imaging and Treatment Department, Cancer Research UK, Department of Human Genetics, Genotyping Facilities, Department of Clinical Molecular Biology (EpiGen), Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Laboratory for Epigenetics and Environment, Fondation Jean Dausset – Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Paris, France
Laboratory for Functional Genomics, Institute of Biomedicine, Endocrine and Metabolic Surgery Department, Department of Endocrinology, Department of Genetics, Division of Surgery, The K G Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer Research, Pathology Department, Nuclear Endocrine Imaging and Treatment Department, Cancer Research UK, Department of Human Genetics, Genotyping Facilities, Department of Clinical Molecular Biology (EpiGen), Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Laboratory for Epigenetics and Environment, Fondation Jean Dausset – Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Paris, France
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Laboratory for Functional Genomics, Institute of Biomedicine, Endocrine and Metabolic Surgery Department, Department of Endocrinology, Department of Genetics, Division of Surgery, The K G Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer Research, Pathology Department, Nuclear Endocrine Imaging and Treatment Department, Cancer Research UK, Department of Human Genetics, Genotyping Facilities, Department of Clinical Molecular Biology (EpiGen), Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Laboratory for Epigenetics and Environment, Fondation Jean Dausset – Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Paris, France
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Laboratory for Functional Genomics, Institute of Biomedicine, Endocrine and Metabolic Surgery Department, Department of Endocrinology, Department of Genetics, Division of Surgery, The K G Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer Research, Pathology Department, Nuclear Endocrine Imaging and Treatment Department, Cancer Research UK, Department of Human Genetics, Genotyping Facilities, Department of Clinical Molecular Biology (EpiGen), Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Laboratory for Epigenetics and Environment, Fondation Jean Dausset – Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Paris, France
Laboratory for Functional Genomics, Institute of Biomedicine, Endocrine and Metabolic Surgery Department, Department of Endocrinology, Department of Genetics, Division of Surgery, The K G Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer Research, Pathology Department, Nuclear Endocrine Imaging and Treatment Department, Cancer Research UK, Department of Human Genetics, Genotyping Facilities, Department of Clinical Molecular Biology (EpiGen), Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Laboratory for Epigenetics and Environment, Fondation Jean Dausset – Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Paris, France
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Introduction Tumors developing in the adrenal gland include a heterogeneous group of adrenocortical and adrenomedullary malignancies ( Brunt & Moley 2001 , Grumbach et al . 2003 ). Most adrenal tumors are benign and non-hormone producing. However
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human adrenocortical tissue specimens were analyzed (21 normal adrenal cortex, 80 benign adrenocortical tumors, and 11 ACCs). The clinical protocol was approved by the institutional review board and written informed consent was obtained. The inclusion