Recurrent genomic alterations in benign and malignant pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas revealed by whole-genome array comparative genomic hybridization analysis . Endocrine-Related Cancer 17 561 – 579 . ( doi:10.1677/ERC-09-0310 ). The Cancer Genome
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Jenny Welander, Peter Söderkvist, and Oliver Gimm
Frederieke M Brouwers, Sven Gläsker, Amanda F Nave, Alexander O Vortmeyer, Irina Lubensky, Steven Huang, Mones S Abu-Asab, Graeme Eisenhofer, Robert J Weil, Deric M Park, W Marston Linehan, Karel Pacak, and Zhengping Zhuang
2004 Expression of chromogranins A, B, and C (secretogranin II) in human adrenal medulla and in benign and malignant pheochromocytomas. An immunohistochemical study with region-specific antibodies. Apmis 112 663 –673
Hartmut P H Neumann and Wouter de Herder
( Castro-Vega et al . 2014 ), and most recently MDH2 in malignant pheochromocytoma ( Cascón et al . 2015 ). Exiting are cross-phenomenons of oxygen-sensing enzymes involved in the pathogenesis of extra-paraganglionic tumors. Structural alterations of the
Hartmut P Neumann, William F Young Jr, Tobias Krauss, Jean-Pierre Bayley, Francesca Schiavi, Giuseppe Opocher, Carsten C Boedeker, Amit Tirosh, Frederic Castinetti, Juri Ruf, Dmitry Beltsevich, Martin Walz, Harald-Thomas Groeben, Ernst von Dobschuetz, Oliver Gimm, Nelson Wohllk, Marija Pfeifer, Delmar M Lourenço Jr, Mariola Peczkowska, Attila Patocs, Joanne Ngeow, Özer Makay, Nalini S Shah, Arthur Tischler, Helena Leijon, Gianmaria Pennelli, Karina Villar Gómez de las Heras, Thera P Links, Birke Bausch, and Charis Eng
accepted. Current thinking is that all pheochromocytomas have some metastatic potential and the terms metastatic and non-metastatic pheochromocytoma are therefore preferred over the use of benign and malignant ( Lloyd et al . 2017 ). Pheochromocytoma
F M Brouwers, E F Petricoin III, L Ksinantova, J Breza, V Rajapakse, S Ross, D Johann, M Mannelli, B L Shulkin, R Kvetnansky, G Eisenhofer, M M Walther, B A Hitt, T P Conrads, T D Veenstra, D P Mannion, M R Wall, G M Wolfe, V A Fusaro, L A Liotta, and K Pacak
Study population Serum samples from 67 histologically proven pheochromocytoma patients were collected at four participating centers that included the National Institutes of Health (NIH; Bethesda, MD, USA; 49 samples: 18 benign, 31 malignant
Henri J L M Timmers, Anne-Paule Gimenez-Roqueplo, Massimo Mannelli, and Karel Pacak
Succinate dehydrogenase B gene mutations predict survival in patients with malignant pheochromocytomas or paragangliomas . Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 92 3822 – 3828 . Astrom K Cohen JE Willett-Brozick JE Aston CE Baysal
Asterios Karagiannis, Dimitri P Mikhailidis, Vasilios G Athyros, and Faidon Harsoulis
CS Young RC Gelmann EP Goldstein DS Stull R Keiser HR 1988 Malignant pheochromocytoma: effective treatment with a combination of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and dacarbazine . Annals of Internal Medicine 109 267 – 273 . Barontini M
B Havekes, A A van der Klaauw, M M Weiss, J C Jansen, A G L van der Mey, A H J T Vriends, B A Bonsing, J A Romijn, and E P M Corssmit
patients and was found in patients with pheochromocytomas, extra-adrenal paragangliomas, malignant disease or producing glomus tumors. Table 3 Biochemical phenotype Cause Patient NE E DA VMA NMN MN 3MT Pheo Extra-adrenal/Thor. PGL Glomus 1 + − + + o o o + 2
Arthur S Tischler and Ronald R deKrijger
variations, pheochromocytomas or paragangliomas are occasionally encountered as composite tumors admixed with neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroblastoma, or malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor ( Tischler 2000 ). One admixed tumor that is probably misnamed and
Massimo Mannelli, Elena Rapizzi, Rossella Fucci, Letizia Canu, Tonino Ercolino, Michaela Luconi, and William F Young Jr
with a high incidence of malignant pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma ( Gimenez-Roqueplo et al . 2003 ). In addition, germline mutations of FH can cause the occurrence of solid tumors including pheochromocytoma or paraganglioma ( Castro-Vega et al
