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Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cluster for Molecular Imaging, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Departments of Surgical Gastroenterology and Clinical Endocrinology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Introduction Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a very heterogeneous entity classified according to primary tumor location, stage, proliferation rate and differentiation. The 2010 World Health Organization (WHO) Classification grades NEN
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Introduction Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs) are also referred to as neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) or ‘carcinoids’, although this term is archaic and should be discarded in favor of a nomenclature reflective of specific
Berlin Experimental Radionuclide Imaging Center (BERIC), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Berlin Experimental Radionuclide Imaging Center (BERIC), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Berlin Experimental Radionuclide Imaging Center (BERIC), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Berlin Experimental Radionuclide Imaging Center (BERIC), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Preclinical MRI Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Translational Oncology of Solid Tumours, Berlin, Germany
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Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital, University of Zurich (USZ) and University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland
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Centre for Endocrinology, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom
ENETS Centre of Excellence, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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ENETS Centre of Excellence, Interdisciplinary Center of Neuroendocrine Tumours of the GastroEnteroPancreatic System at the University Hospital of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Berlin Experimental Radionuclide Imaging Center (BERIC), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital, University of Zurich (USZ) and University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland
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Organisation (WHO) classification ( Rindi et al. 2022 ) NECs fall under the class of poorly differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasms which are characterised by abundant necrosis, a high Ki-67, small or large cell morphology and low expression of somatostatin
Department of Medical Oncology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Division of Solid Tumor Translational Oncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner site University Hospital Essen, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner site University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
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General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Department of Internal Medicine 6, Paracelsus Medical University, Nürnberg, Germany
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Division of Solid Tumor Translational Oncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner site University Hospital Essen, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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Division of Solid Tumor Translational Oncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner site University Hospital Essen, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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Division of Solid Tumor Translational Oncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner site University Hospital Essen, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner site University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
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German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner site University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
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Division of Solid Tumor Translational Oncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner site University Hospital Essen, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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Department of Medical Oncology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
Division of Solid Tumor Translational Oncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner site University Hospital Essen, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner site University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
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Introduction Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) are epithelial malignancies with neuroendocrine differentiation. According to the WHO classification 2010, NEN of the gastrointestinal tract are classified based on their morphology and proliferative
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Introduction Paragangliomas are neuroendocrine neoplasms that may arise from parasympathetic or sympathetic paraganglia. In general, those arising from parasympathetic paraganglia are non-secretory, associated with head and neck paraganglia and are
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Introduction Neuroendocrine tumors (NET) represent a diverse group of rare neoplasms, sharing features of endocrine and neuronal cells. The incidence is 2.5–5/100,000 population, and is still increasing ( Yao et al. 2008 a ). Most frequently
LuGenIum Consortium for Independent Research, Milan, Rotterdam, Bad Berka, London
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Emeritus Professor Gastroenterological Surgery, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Introduction It is now widely accepted that peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) is an effective treatment for inoperable or metastatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), particularly well-differentiated gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) or
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German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
Technische Universität München, Chair of Experimental Genetics, Freising, Germany
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suppressor ( Fero et al. 1996 , Kiyokawa et al. 1996 , Nakayama et al . 1996 ). Recently, a role for p27 in the pathogenesis of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) has emerged. A spontaneous homozygous germline frameshift mutation in Cdkn1b encoding an
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nonfunctional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) and pituitary adenomas ( Thakker et al . 2012 ). MEN2, a less common entity, is characterized by medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), pheochromocytoma and PHPT. MEN2 is further divided into MEN2A (OMIM
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Introduction Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs) occur rarely with an annual incidence of 1/100 000 people, but their incidence is increasing steadily ( Oberg & Eriksson 2005 ). pNENs present as either functional pNENs or non