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Nora Sahnane
Nora Sahnane
Section of Anatomic Pathology, CRIBI Biotechnology Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology, Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, Via O. Rossi, 9, 21100 Varese, Italy
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Daniela Furlan
Daniela Furlan
Section of Anatomic Pathology, CRIBI Biotechnology Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology, Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, Via O. Rossi, 9, 21100 Varese, Italy
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Matilde Monti
Matilde Monti
Section of Anatomic Pathology, CRIBI Biotechnology Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology, Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, Via O. Rossi, 9, 21100 Varese, Italy
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Chiara Romualdi
Chiara Romualdi
Section of Anatomic Pathology, CRIBI Biotechnology Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology, Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, Via O. Rossi, 9, 21100 Varese, Italy
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Alessandro Vanoli
Alessandro Vanoli
Section of Anatomic Pathology, CRIBI Biotechnology Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology, Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, Via O. Rossi, 9, 21100 Varese, Italy
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Emanuela Vicari
Emanuela Vicari
Section of Anatomic Pathology, CRIBI Biotechnology Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology, Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, Via O. Rossi, 9, 21100 Varese, Italy
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Enrico Solcia
Enrico Solcia
Section of Anatomic Pathology, CRIBI Biotechnology Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology, Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, Via O. Rossi, 9, 21100 Varese, Italy
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Carlo Capella
Carlo Capella
Section of Anatomic Pathology, CRIBI Biotechnology Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology, Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, Via O. Rossi, 9, 21100 Varese, Italy
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Fausto Sessa
Fausto Sessa
Section of Anatomic Pathology, CRIBI Biotechnology Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology, Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, Via O. Rossi, 9, 21100 Varese, Italy
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Stefano La Rosa
Stefano La Rosa
Section of Anatomic Pathology, CRIBI Biotechnology Center, Department of Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology, Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, Via O. Rossi, 9, 21100 Varese, Italy
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Introduction High-grade (or poorly differentiated) gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) are aggressive cancers with a high propensity for distant metastases. Like the more frequent pulmonary counterparts, they have
A Karpathakis
A Karpathakis
University College London Cancer Institute, Neuroendocrine Tumour Unit, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
University College London Cancer Institute, Neuroendocrine Tumour Unit, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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University College London Cancer Institute, Neuroendocrine Tumour Unit, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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H Dibra
H Dibra
University College London Cancer Institute, Neuroendocrine Tumour Unit, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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C Thirlwell
C Thirlwell
University College London Cancer Institute, Neuroendocrine Tumour Unit, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
University College London Cancer Institute, Neuroendocrine Tumour Unit, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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University College London Cancer Institute, Neuroendocrine Tumour Unit, 72 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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, insulinoma, VIPoma and glucagonoma as well as non-functional NETs. Overall 5-year survival for pNET is 80% for all stages and 25% for metastatic disease; median survival is only 10 months for high-grade/poorly differentiated tumours. Improvements in
Louis de Mestier
Louis de Mestier
Université de Paris, Department of Gastroenterology-Pancreatology, Beaujon University Hospital (APHP), Clichy, France
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Angela Lamarca
Angela Lamarca
Division of Cancer Sciences, Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Jorge Hernando
Jorge Hernando
Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital and Vall d´Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
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Wouter Zandee
Wouter Zandee
Department of Internal Medicine, Sector Endocrinology, Erasmus University Medical Center and Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Teresa Alonso-Gordoa
Teresa Alonso-Gordoa
Department of Medical Oncology, Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
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Marine Perrier
Marine Perrier
Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Reims, France
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Annemiek ME Walenkamp
Annemiek ME Walenkamp
Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Bipasha Chakrabarty
Bipasha Chakrabarty
Department of Pathology, The Christie, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Stefania Landolfi
Stefania Landolfi
Department of Pathology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
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Marie-Louise F Van Velthuysen
Marie-Louise F Van Velthuysen
Department of Pathology, Erasmus University Medical Center and Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Gursah Kats-Ugurlu
Gursah Kats-Ugurlu
Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Alejandra Caminoa
Alejandra Caminoa
Department of Pathology, University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
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Maxime Ronot
Maxime Ronot
Université de Paris, Department of Radiology, Beaujon University Hospital (APHP), Clichy, France
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Prakash Manoharan
Prakash Manoharan
Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, The Christie, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Alejandro Garcia-Alvarez
Alejandro Garcia-Alvarez
Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital and Vall d´Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
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Tessa Brabander
Tessa Brabander
Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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María Isabel García Gómez-Muriel
María Isabel García Gómez-Muriel
Department of Radiology, University Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
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Guillaume Cadiot
Guillaume Cadiot
Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, Robert-Debré University Hospital, Reims, France
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Anne Couvelard
Anne Couvelard
Université de Paris, Department of Pathology, Beaujon/Bichat University Hospital (APHP), Clichy/Paris, France
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Jaume Capdevila
Jaume Capdevila
Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital and Vall d´Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
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Marianne E Pavel
Marianne E Pavel
Department of Endocrinology, Erlangen University Hospital, Erlangen, Germany
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Jérôme Cros
Jérôme Cros
Université de Paris, Department of Pathology, Beaujon/Bichat University Hospital (APHP), Clichy/Paris, France
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KT Frankel WL Balci S , et al . 2015 The high-grade (WHO G3) pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor category is morphologically and biologically heterogenous and includes both well differentiated and poorly differentiated neoplasms . American
Segolene Hescot
Segolene Hescot
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institut Curie, Saint-Cloud, France
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Abir Al Ghuzlan
Abir Al Ghuzlan
Department of Pathology, Gustave Roussy and Paris Saclay University, Villejuif, France
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Theophraste Henry
Theophraste Henry
Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Oncology, Gustave Roussy and Paris Saclay University, Villejuif, France
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Hala Sheikh-Alard
Hala Sheikh-Alard
Department of Pathology, Gustave Roussy and Paris Saclay University, Villejuif, France
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Livia Lamartina
Livia Lamartina
Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Oncology, Gustave Roussy and Paris Saclay University, Villejuif, France
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Isabelle Borget
Isabelle Borget
Department of Biostatistics, Gustave Roussy and Paris Saclay University, Villejuif, France
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Julien Hadoux
Julien Hadoux
Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Oncology, Gustave Roussy and Paris Saclay University, Villejuif, France
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Eric Baudin
Eric Baudin
Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Oncology, Gustave Roussy and Paris Saclay University, Villejuif, France
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Corinne Dupuy
Corinne Dupuy
UMR 8200 CNRS, Gustave Roussy and Paris Saclay University, Villejuif, France
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Alyaksandr V Nikitski
Alyaksandr V Nikitski
Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Yuri E Nikiforov
Yuri E Nikiforov
Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Martin Schlumberger
Martin Schlumberger
Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Oncology, Gustave Roussy and Paris Saclay University, Villejuif, France
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Marina N Nikiforova
Marina N Nikiforova
Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Sophie Leboulleux
Sophie Leboulleux
Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Oncology, Gustave Roussy and Paris Saclay University, Villejuif, France
Department of Endocrinology, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
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Department of Endocrinology, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
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, (I) few inflammatory cells positive with CD163, (K) wild type pattern of P53. (2) A metastatic lesion with PTEN and P53 mutations, the patient died from the disease (high-grade lesion); (B) (hematoxylin and eosin), solid growth with marked atypia and
Martin K Bakht
Martin K Bakht
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
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Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
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Iulian Derecichei
Iulian Derecichei
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
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Yinan Li
Yinan Li
Vancouver Prostate Centre, Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Rosa-Maria Ferraiuolo
Rosa-Maria Ferraiuolo
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
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Mark Dunning
Mark Dunning
Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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So Won Oh
So Won Oh
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Abdulkadir Hussein
Abdulkadir Hussein
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
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Hyewon Youn
Hyewon Youn
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
Cancer Imaging Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
Cancer Imaging Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Keith F Stringer
Keith F Stringer
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
Department of Pathology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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Department of Pathology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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Chang Wook Jeong
Chang Wook Jeong
Department of Urology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Gi Jeong Cheon
Gi Jeong Cheon
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Cheol Kwak
Cheol Kwak
Department of Urology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Keon Wook Kang
Keon Wook Kang
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Alastair D Lamb
Alastair D Lamb
Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Yuzhuo Wang
Yuzhuo Wang
Vancouver Prostate Centre, Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
Department of Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Department of Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Xuesen Dong
Xuesen Dong
Vancouver Prostate Centre, Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Lisa A Porter
Lisa A Porter
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
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‘Suppressed’ respectively. The values for all three categories were then divided by the maximum value and graphed under their respective categories. Results High-grade CRPC has inconsistent expression of the PSMA gene ( FOLH1 ) FOLH1 expression
Alexa Childs
Alexa Childs
Department of Oncology, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Amy Kirkwood
Amy Kirkwood
Cancer Research UK & UCL Cancer Trials Centre, London, UK
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Julien Edeline
Julien Edeline
UCL Cancer Institute, UCL, London, UK
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Tu Vinh Luong
Tu Vinh Luong
Department of Pathology, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Jennifer Watkins
Jennifer Watkins
Department of Pathology, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Angela Lamarca
Angela Lamarca
Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester/The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
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Doraid Alrifai
Doraid Alrifai
King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Phyllis Nsiah-Sarbeng
Phyllis Nsiah-Sarbeng
Department of Radiology, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Roopinder Gillmore
Roopinder Gillmore
Department of Oncology, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Astrid Mayer
Astrid Mayer
Department of Oncology, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Christina Thirlwell
Christina Thirlwell
Department of Oncology, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
UCL Cancer Institute, UCL, London, UK
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UCL Cancer Institute, UCL, London, UK
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Debashis Sarker
Debashis Sarker
King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Juan W Valle
Juan W Valle
Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester/The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
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Tim Meyer
Tim Meyer
Department of Oncology, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
UCL Cancer Institute, UCL, London, UK
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UCL Cancer Institute, UCL, London, UK
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Introduction Neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) are exceptional in terms of their heterogeneity with respect to clinical behaviour and prognosis. Patients may live with low-grade, indolent tumours for 20years while the outlook for high-grade
Atsuko Kasajima
Atsuko Kasajima
Department of Pathology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Yuichi Ishikawa
Yuichi Ishikawa
Pathology Department, The Cancer Institute Hospital of JFCR, Tokyo, Japan
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Ayaka Iwata
Ayaka Iwata
Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Katja Steiger
Katja Steiger
Department of Pathology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Naomi Oka
Naomi Oka
Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
National Hospital Organization, Sendai Medical Center, Sendai, Japan
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National Hospital Organization, Sendai Medical Center, Sendai, Japan
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Hirotaka Ishida
Hirotaka Ishida
Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Akira Sakurada
Akira Sakurada
Department of Thoracic Surgery, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Hiroyoshi Suzuki
Hiroyoshi Suzuki
National Hospital Organization, Sendai Medical Center, Sendai, Japan
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Toru Kameya
Toru Kameya
Division of Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital and Research Institute, Sizuoka, Japan
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Björn Konukiewitz
Björn Konukiewitz
Department of Pathology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Günter Klöppel
Günter Klöppel
Department of Pathology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Yoshinori Okada
Yoshinori Okada
Department of Thoracic Surgery, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Hironobu Sasano
Hironobu Sasano
Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Wilko Weichert
Wilko Weichert
Department of Pathology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
Member of the German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)
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Member of the German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)
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likely to metastasize and have a worse prognosis, these two neoplasms share the same phenotype and genotype ( Simbolo et al . 2017 ). In contrast to carcinoids, SCLC and LCNEC are high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC) ( Travis et al . 2015
Anna Karpathakis
Anna Karpathakis
University College London Cancer Institute, Neuroendocrine Tumour Unit, Paul O'Gorman Building, Huntley Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
University College London Cancer Institute, Neuroendocrine Tumour Unit, Paul O'Gorman Building, Huntley Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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University College London Cancer Institute, Neuroendocrine Tumour Unit, Paul O'Gorman Building, Huntley Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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Martyn Caplin
Martyn Caplin
University College London Cancer Institute, Neuroendocrine Tumour Unit, Paul O'Gorman Building, Huntley Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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Christina Thirlwell
Christina Thirlwell
University College London Cancer Institute, Neuroendocrine Tumour Unit, Paul O'Gorman Building, Huntley Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
University College London Cancer Institute, Neuroendocrine Tumour Unit, Paul O'Gorman Building, Huntley Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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University College London Cancer Institute, Neuroendocrine Tumour Unit, Paul O'Gorman Building, Huntley Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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%) grades, whereas in the USA, tumours are graded as ‘well’ and ‘poorly’ differentiated where ‘well’ equates to low–intermediate-grade and ‘poorly’ equates to high-grade tumours. The current staging systems are reviewed by Kulke et al . (2011) . The most
Jonathan R Strosberg
Jonathan R Strosberg
Department of Medicine, Division of Cancer Medicine, Istituto di Oncologia, Novartis International AG, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, University of Paris VII and Beaujon Hospital, Digestive Oncology, Uppsala University Hospital, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
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James C Yao
James C Yao
Department of Medicine, Division of Cancer Medicine, Istituto di Oncologia, Novartis International AG, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, University of Paris VII and Beaujon Hospital, Digestive Oncology, Uppsala University Hospital, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
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Emilio Bajetta
Emilio Bajetta
Department of Medicine, Division of Cancer Medicine, Istituto di Oncologia, Novartis International AG, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, University of Paris VII and Beaujon Hospital, Digestive Oncology, Uppsala University Hospital, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
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Mounir Aout
Mounir Aout
Department of Medicine, Division of Cancer Medicine, Istituto di Oncologia, Novartis International AG, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, University of Paris VII and Beaujon Hospital, Digestive Oncology, Uppsala University Hospital, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
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Bert Bakker
Bert Bakker
Department of Medicine, Division of Cancer Medicine, Istituto di Oncologia, Novartis International AG, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, University of Paris VII and Beaujon Hospital, Digestive Oncology, Uppsala University Hospital, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
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John D Hainsworth
John D Hainsworth
Department of Medicine, Division of Cancer Medicine, Istituto di Oncologia, Novartis International AG, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, University of Paris VII and Beaujon Hospital, Digestive Oncology, Uppsala University Hospital, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
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Philippe B Ruszniewski
Philippe B Ruszniewski
Department of Medicine, Division of Cancer Medicine, Istituto di Oncologia, Novartis International AG, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, University of Paris VII and Beaujon Hospital, Digestive Oncology, Uppsala University Hospital, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
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Eric Van Cutsem
Eric Van Cutsem
Department of Medicine, Division of Cancer Medicine, Istituto di Oncologia, Novartis International AG, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, University of Paris VII and Beaujon Hospital, Digestive Oncology, Uppsala University Hospital, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
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Kjell Öberg
Kjell Öberg
Department of Medicine, Division of Cancer Medicine, Istituto di Oncologia, Novartis International AG, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, University of Paris VII and Beaujon Hospital, Digestive Oncology, Uppsala University Hospital, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
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Marianne E Pavel
Marianne E Pavel
Department of Medicine, Division of Cancer Medicine, Istituto di Oncologia, Novartis International AG, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, University of Paris VII and Beaujon Hospital, Digestive Oncology, Uppsala University Hospital, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
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differentiated or high-grade NET were not eligible. Furthermore, patients were ineligible if they had received cytotoxic chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or radiotherapy within 4 weeks prior to randomization, or prior therapy with mammalian target of rapamycin
Peter M Sadow
Peter M Sadow
Department of Pathology, WRN219, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
Department of Pathology, WRN219, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
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Department of Pathology, WRN219, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
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Dora Dias-Santagata
Dora Dias-Santagata
Department of Pathology, WRN219, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
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Zongli Zheng
Zongli Zheng
Department of Pathology, WRN219, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
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Derrick T Lin
Derrick T Lin
Department of Pathology, WRN219, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
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Long Phi Le
Long Phi Le
Department of Pathology, WRN219, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
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Carmelo Nucera
Carmelo Nucera
Department of Pathology, WRN219, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
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aberrant signaling pathways in this rare thyroid carcinoma. Here, we have performed targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS; Zheng et al . 2014 ) in six ATCs (high grade malignant pleomorphic cell neoplasms). We found for the first time that one out of
