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Suresh Veeramani
Suresh Veeramani
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Ta-Chun Yuan
Ta-Chun Yuan
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Siu-Ju Chen
Siu-Ju Chen
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Fen-Fen Lin
Fen-Fen Lin
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Juliette E Petersen
Juliette E Petersen
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Syed Shaheduzzaman
Syed Shaheduzzaman
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Shiv Srivastava
Shiv Srivastava
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Richard G MacDonald
Richard G MacDonald
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Ming-Fong Lin
Ming-Fong Lin
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Introduction Human prostatic acid phosphatase (PAcP; E.C. 3.1.3.2) is a major phosphatase and a differentiation marker in normal, well-differentiated prostate epithelial cells ( Yam 1974 , Vihko 1979 , Lin et al. 1980 ). Human
Alexandra Chrisoulidou
Alexandra Chrisoulidou
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Gregory Kaltsas
Gregory Kaltsas
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Ioannis Ilias
Ioannis Ilias
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Ashley B Grossman
Ashley B Grossman
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). Histopathological and molecular markers of malignant chromaffin-cell tumours There is considerable controversy as to whether the histopathological appearance of chromaffin cell tumours can predict malignancy in the absence of distant metastases
David Adler
David Adler
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Anne Offermann
Anne Offermann
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Martin Braun
Martin Braun
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Roopika Menon
Roopika Menon
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Isabella Syring
Isabella Syring
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Michael Nowak
Michael Nowak
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Rebecca Halbach
Rebecca Halbach
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Wenzel Vogel
Wenzel Vogel
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Christian Ruiz
Christian Ruiz
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Tobias Zellweger
Tobias Zellweger
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Cyrill A Rentsch
Cyrill A Rentsch
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Maria Svensson
Maria Svensson
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Ove Andren
Ove Andren
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Lukas Bubendorf
Lukas Bubendorf
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Saskia Biskup
Saskia Biskup
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Stefan Duensing
Stefan Duensing
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Jutta Kirfel
Jutta Kirfel
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Sven Perner
Sven Perner
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Department of Prostate Cancer Research
Institute of Pathology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Institute for Pathology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Urology University Hospital of Örebro, Örebro, Sweden
School of Health and Medical Sciences Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
Center for Genomics and Transcriptomics CeGaT GmbH, Tuebingen, Germany
Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology University Hospital of Bonn, Sigmund‐Freud Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Section of Molecular Urooncology Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Introduction Prostate cancer (PCa) is a clinically heterogeneous disease and a leading cause of cancer death worldwide, thus unraveling the molecular basis of this disease is of great importance. Therefore, a notable effort has been made recently by
Corinne Gérard
Corinne Gérard
Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, MMG (U1251), Marseille Medical Genetics, Marseille, France
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Marie Lagarde
Marie Lagarde
Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, MMG (U1251), Marseille Medical Genetics, Marseille, France
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Flora Poizat
Flora Poizat
Medical Oncology Department, Paoli-Calmettes Institute CoE-ENETS, Marseille, France
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Sandrine Oziel-Taieb
Sandrine Oziel-Taieb
Medical Oncology Department, Paoli-Calmettes Institute CoE-ENETS, Marseille, France
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Vincent Garcia
Vincent Garcia
Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hospital La Conception, AP-HM, Marseille, France
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Catherine Roche
Catherine Roche
Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hospital La Conception, AP-HM, Marseille, France
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Patricia Niccoli
Patricia Niccoli
Medical Oncology Department, Paoli-Calmettes Institute CoE-ENETS, Marseille, France
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Anne Barlier
Anne Barlier
Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, MMG (U1251), Marseille Medical Genetics, Marseille, France
Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hospital La Conception, AP-HM, Marseille, France
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Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hospital La Conception, AP-HM, Marseille, France
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David Romano
David Romano
Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, MMG (U1251), Marseille Medical Genetics, Marseille, France
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deregulated genes related to NENs pathogenesis and progression, some of them also representing potentially druggable molecular targets ( Jiao et al. 2011 , Scarpa et al. 2017 ). For instance, the PI3K/AKT/mTor pathway has been highlighted as a key player
Mina Sattari
Mina Sattari
Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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Annika Kohvakka
Annika Kohvakka
Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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Elaheh Moradi
Elaheh Moradi
A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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Hanna Rauhala
Hanna Rauhala
Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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Henna Urhonen
Henna Urhonen
Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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William B Isaacs
William B Isaacs
The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Matti Nykter
Matti Nykter
Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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Teemu J Murtola
Teemu J Murtola
Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
Department of Urology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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Department of Urology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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Teuvo L J Tammela
Teuvo L J Tammela
Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
Department of Urology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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Department of Urology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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Leena Latonen
Leena Latonen
Foundation for the Finnish Cancer Institute, Helsinki, Finland
Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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G Steven Bova
G Steven Bova
Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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Juha Kesseli
Juha Kesseli
Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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Tapio Visakorpi
Tapio Visakorpi
Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
Fimlab Laboratories Ltd, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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Fimlab Laboratories Ltd, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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DE-lncRNAs as prognostic markers. Results revealed that the expression of lnc-SCFD2-2 and lnc-R3HCC1L-8 were independent predictors for biochemical recurrence ( Table 1 ). The hazard ratios for lnc-SCFD2-2 and lnc-R3HCC1L-8 in the univariate analyses
Marijn A Vermeulen
Marijn A Vermeulen
Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Carolien H M van Deurzen
Carolien H M van Deurzen
Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
BOOG Study Center/Dutch Breast Cancer Research Group, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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BOOG Study Center/Dutch Breast Cancer Research Group, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Shusma C Doebar
Shusma C Doebar
Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Wendy W J de Leng
Wendy W J de Leng
Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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John W M Martens
John W M Martens
BOOG Study Center/Dutch Breast Cancer Research Group, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Department of Medical Oncology and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Department of Medical Oncology and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Paul J van Diest
Paul J van Diest
Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Cathy B Moelans
Cathy B Moelans
Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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the time of diagnosis and there are differences in the distribution of histologic subtypes and molecular characteristics, for instance, regarding gene amplification and epigenetic alterations ( Giordano et al. 2004 , Hill et al. 2005 , Anderson
M Cristofanilli
M Cristofanilli
Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 424, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. mcristof@notes.mdacc.tmc.edu
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G N Hortobagyi
G N Hortobagyi
Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 424, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. mcristof@notes.mdacc.tmc.edu
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Our increasing understanding of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of breast carcinogenesis has generated detailed information about the potential roles of specific biomolecular markers in this process. Furthermore, in the last few years the process of targeted drug design has become faster and more sophisticated, providing a variety of agents targeted at these molecules. In this review, we describe the most widely recognized molecular targets in breast cancer.
A P Heaney
A P Heaney
Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Research Institute, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA.
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S Melmed
S Melmed
Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Research Institute, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA.
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Pituitary tumors are common monoclonal neoplasms which cause considerable morbidity and mortality. Several molecular events underlying pituitary tumorigenesis have been elucidated in recent years, but no tumor marker has clearly emerged which assists clinical and therapeutic decisions. Activating mutations and loss of inactivating mutations, together with hypothalamic hormones, circulating hormones, growth factors and cytokines cooperatively ensure the inexorable expansion of the initial mutated pituitary cell clone. This review describes new developments in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of pituitary tumors. The availability of molecular probes will allow the early prediction of tumor behavior, identify targets for designing subcellular pituitary tumor therapy and provide novel approaches to pituitary tumor management.
C A Koch
C A Koch
Pediatric and Reproductive Endocrinology Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Disease, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Rm 9D42, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. kochc@exchange.nih.gov
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F M Brouwers
F M Brouwers
Pediatric and Reproductive Endocrinology Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Disease, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Rm 9D42, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. kochc@exchange.nih.gov
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K Rosenblatt
K Rosenblatt
Pediatric and Reproductive Endocrinology Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Disease, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Rm 9D42, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. kochc@exchange.nih.gov
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K D Burman
K D Burman
Pediatric and Reproductive Endocrinology Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Disease, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Rm 9D42, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. kochc@exchange.nih.gov
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M M Davis
M M Davis
Pediatric and Reproductive Endocrinology Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Disease, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Rm 9D42, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. kochc@exchange.nih.gov
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A O Vortmeyer
A O Vortmeyer
Pediatric and Reproductive Endocrinology Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Disease, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Rm 9D42, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. kochc@exchange.nih.gov
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K Pacak
K Pacak
Pediatric and Reproductive Endocrinology Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Disease, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Rm 9D42, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. kochc@exchange.nih.gov
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Ganglioneuromas (GNs) are neural crest cell-derived tumors and rarely occur in the adrenal gland. There are presently no markers that can reliably distinguish benign and malignant neuroendocrine tumors. Here we describe a 63-year-old woman who developed sudden chest pain and hypertension combined with increased stool frequency. An incidental adrenal mass 5 cm in size with a bright signal on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging was discovered. Biochemical evaluation and (131)I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scintigraphy were negative. Histopathological examination revealed a mature adrenal GN. Neuroblastoma, the immature form of a GN, is known for deletions on chromosomal locus 1p36, and adrenal tumors frequently show allele loss on 17p. To further elucidate the histo- and pathogenesis of adrenal GN, we performed loss of heterozygosity studies on chromosomal loci 1p34-36 and 17p13 (the p53 gene locus) after careful microdissection of tumor and normal tissue. We did not detect allelic losses at these loci with the informative polymorphic markers used, suggesting that these loci are not involved in tumorigenesis. In addition, immunohistochemical investigation of the GN was positive for vasoactive intestinal peptide, a hormone commonly expressed in ganglion cells. We suggest that in our patient with an adrenal GN, the combination of biochemical, scintigraphic, molecular, immunohistochemical, and histopathological findings are all consistent with the benign morphology of this tumor.
H Rochefort
H Rochefort
Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology of Cancer, INSERM Unit 540 and Montpelier University, 60 rue de Navacelles, 34090 Montpelier, France. henri.rochefort@montp.inserm.fr
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M Glondu
M Glondu
Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology of Cancer, INSERM Unit 540 and Montpelier University, 60 rue de Navacelles, 34090 Montpelier, France. henri.rochefort@montp.inserm.fr
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M E Sahla
M E Sahla
Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology of Cancer, INSERM Unit 540 and Montpelier University, 60 rue de Navacelles, 34090 Montpelier, France. henri.rochefort@montp.inserm.fr
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N Platet
N Platet
Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology of Cancer, INSERM Unit 540 and Montpelier University, 60 rue de Navacelles, 34090 Montpelier, France. henri.rochefort@montp.inserm.fr
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M Garcia
M Garcia
Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology of Cancer, INSERM Unit 540 and Montpelier University, 60 rue de Navacelles, 34090 Montpelier, France. henri.rochefort@montp.inserm.fr
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Estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancers generally have a better prognosis and are often responsive to anti-estrogen therapy, which is the first example of a successful therapy targeted on a specific protein, the ER. Unfortunately ER-negative breast cancers are more aggressive and unresponsive to anti-estrogens. Other targeted therapies are thus urgently needed, based on breast cancer oncogene inhibition or suppressor gene activation as far as molecular studies have demonstrated the alteration of expression, or structure of these genes in human breast cancer. Using the MDA-MB.231 human breast cancer cell line as a model of ER-negative breast cancers, we are investigating two of these approaches in our laboratory. Our first approach was to transfect the ER or various ER-deleted variants into an ER-negative cell line in an attempt to recover anti-estrogen responsiveness. The unliganded receptor, and surprisingly estradiol, were both found to inhibit tumor growth and invasiveness in vitro and in vivo. The mechanisms of these inhibitions in ER-negative cancer cells are being studied, in an attempt to target the ER sequence responsible for such inhibition in these cancer cells. Another strategy is trying to inhibit the activity or expression of an oncogene specifically overexpressed in most breast cancers. This approach was recently shown by others to be efficient in breast cancer therapy with HER2-Neu oncogene amplification using Herceptin. Without excluding other molecular putative targets, we have focused our research on cathepsin D as a potential target, since it is often overexpressed in aggressive human breast cancers, including ER-negative tumors, and rarely associated with HER2-Neu amplification. Our first results obtained in vitro on cell lines and in vivo in tumor xenografts in nude mice, illustrate that the mode of action of cathepsin D in breast cancer is useful to guide the development of these therapies. In the past 20 years we have learned that the action of cathepsin D is complex and involves both intracellular and extracellular activities due to its proteolytic activity and to interactions with membrane components without catalytic activity. Each of these mechanisms could be potentially inhibited in an attempt to prevent tumor growth. Breast cancer is a very heterogeneous and multigenic disease and different targeted therapies adapted to each category of breast cancer are therefore required. Validated assays in the primary tumor of molecular markers such as ER, HER2-Neu and cathepsin D should help to predict which targeted therapy should be applied to cure breast cancer patients.
