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Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, Auckland, New Zealand
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Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, Auckland, New Zealand
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Introduction Observations in humans and animals with elevated or disrupted growth hormone (GH) signalling clearly support a role for GH in cancer development ( Guevara-Aguirre et al. 2020 , Werner et al. 2020 , Duran-Ortiz et al. 2021
Instituto de Endocrinología IEMYR, Quito, Ecuador
Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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incidence of cancer despite obesity as a risk factor. As noted, while the most striking clinical association observed in the ELS subjects is that of obesity and low T2D incidence, the diminished incidence of malignancies despite the risk factor posed by
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Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA
Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA
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Introduction Resistance to therapy is one of the major hurdles in tackling cancer – the second highest causal factor for all-cause, all-age human mortality in the United States between the period of 2001 and 2020, as per the Center for Disease
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that metastases could be suppressed after hypophysectomy led to treatment of advanced cancers in humans, particularly those of the breast and prostate, with surgical ablation of the pituitary, mainly in the 1950s and early1960s ( Bailey 1956 ). At that
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Introduction Growth factors, such as epidermal growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor, and their receptors play a major role in modulating cancer cell mitogenicity and metastasis and can make excellent prognostic markers ( Aaronson
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Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P R China
The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P R China
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Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, P R China
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transduction ( Carter-Su et al. 1996 , Waters 2016 , Frank 2020 ). A number of the aforementioned cytokines possess well-established roles in cancer progression ( Propper & Balkwill 2022 ), and it is therefore not surprising that GH, in both experimental
Instituto de Endocrinología IEMYR, Quito, Ecuador
Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Overview of GH-related malignancies Cancer in subjects with circulating GH excess Gigantism and acromegaly are clinical examples of circulating growth hormone (GH) excess in humans. These clinical situations appear when GH hypersecretion
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of Laron syndrome (LS) patients, a prototypical case of congenital IGF-1 deficiency. The identification of novel GH–IGF-1 downstream targets reflects the key role of this axis in cancer as well as the complexity of the mechanisms responsible for
Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Introduction There has been a significant improvement in the outcomes of childhood cancer over the past decades, now exceeding a 5-year survival rate of 80% in western countries ( Gatta et al. 2014 ). However, these survivors are already at
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Introduction Investigation of the role of growth hormone (GH) and its downstream mediators including insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in the initiation and progression of cancer has been motivated by several factors including low cancer