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on the gene expression changes related to the activation of AR using our RNA-seq dataset. First, we used unsupervised hierarchical clustering of the HALLMARK ANDROGEN RESPONSE gene set to cluster the cell lines based on their transcriptional response
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available. Androgen receptor (AR) was shown to play a critical role in progression of prostate cancer ( Grossmann et al . 2001 ). Activated AR interacts with androgen response elements in the promoters of target genes including prostate-specific antigen
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Department of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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dataset GSE77930 ( Kumar et al. 2016 ) was downloaded from the GEO database and analyzed with the Qlucore Omics Explorer v3.5. Gene set activity scores for the Hallmark ‘Androgen response’ and ‘Myc targets’ gene sets (Molecular Signatures Database
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, AR is cytoplasmic; ligand binding induces an active conformation and translocation into the nucleus where it binds specific androgen response elements (AREs) in the regulatory regions of target genes, thus influencing rates of gene transactivation. AR
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Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre – Queensland, Department of Urologic Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
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Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre – Queensland, Department of Urologic Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
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. 2 A). Furthermore, the androgen-induced increase in YKL40 mRNA was significantly abrogated upon treatment with 10 μM enzalutamide in LNCaP cells, whereas C4-2B cells did not show any significant reduction ( Fig. 2 A). The weak androgen response in
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Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Department of Biological Sciences and School of Medicine, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Departments of Pathology, Urology, Surgical Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Department of Biological Sciences and School of Medicine, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Departments of Pathology, Urology, Surgical Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
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Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Department of Biological Sciences and School of Medicine, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Departments of Pathology, Urology, Surgical Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
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Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Department of Biological Sciences and School of Medicine, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Departments of Pathology, Urology, Surgical Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
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Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Department of Biological Sciences and School of Medicine, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Departments of Pathology, Urology, Surgical Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Department of Biological Sciences and School of Medicine, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Departments of Pathology, Urology, Surgical Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
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Urano T Ijichi N Ouchi Y Shirahige K Aburatani H 2007 Identification of novel androgen response genes in prostate cancer cells by coupling chromatin immunoprecipitation and genomic microarray analysis . Oncogene 26 4453 – 4463
Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
Department of Education, Innovation, and Technology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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Korput HA van Eekelen CC van Rooij HC Faber PW Trapman J 1997 An androgen response element in a far upstream enhancer region is essential for high, androgen-regulated activity of the prostate-specific antigen promoter . Molecular Endocrinology
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PSA levels by more than 50% ( Rathkopf et al . 2012 ). The novel small peptide EPI-001 targets the N-terminal domain of the AR containing the activating function-1 region (AF-1). This interrupts the AR’s interaction with other proteins and androgen