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Pratima Basak Department of Immunology, Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, 471 Apotex Centre 750 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3E 0T5
Department of Immunology, Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, 471 Apotex Centre 750 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3E 0T5

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Sumanta Chatterjee Department of Immunology, Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, 471 Apotex Centre 750 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3E 0T5
Department of Immunology, Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, 471 Apotex Centre 750 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3E 0T5

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Steven Weger Department of Immunology, Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, 471 Apotex Centre 750 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3E 0T5

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M Christine Bruce Department of Immunology, Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, 471 Apotex Centre 750 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3E 0T5
Department of Immunology, Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, 471 Apotex Centre 750 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3E 0T5

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Leigh C Murphy Department of Immunology, Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, 471 Apotex Centre 750 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3E 0T5
Department of Immunology, Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, 471 Apotex Centre 750 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3E 0T5

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Afshin Raouf Department of Immunology, Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, 471 Apotex Centre 750 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3E 0T5
Department of Immunology, Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, 471 Apotex Centre 750 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3E 0T5

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Introduction Estrogen signaling through estrogen receptor α (ERα) is pivotal to the survival and maintenance of ERα + breast cancer tumors. Furthermore, the estrogen–ERα signaling axis has been shown to be indispensable to mammary gland development

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-15-0105
Volume/Issue:
Volume 22: Issue 4
Open access
Eva Baxter Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

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Karolina Windloch Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

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Greg Kelly Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

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Jason S Lee Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

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Frank Gannon Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

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Donal J Brennan UCD School of Medicine, Catherine McAuley Research Centre, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
Cancer Biology and Therapeutics Laboratory, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
Systems Biology Ireland, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland

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( Carlson et al. 2014 ). Tamoxifen is a selective oestrogen receptor modulator, acting as an oestrogen receptor alpha (ERα) antagonist in the breast and as an agonist in the endometrium, increasing the risk of developing endometrial cancer ( Cohen 2004

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-17-0563
Volume/Issue:
Volume 26: Issue 1
Free access
Hiroko Yamashita
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Mariko Nishio
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Tatsuya Toyama
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Hiroshi Sugiura
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Naoto Kondo
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Shunzo Kobayashi
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Yoshitaka Fujii
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Hirotaka Iwase Oncology, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Immunology and Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan

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, Ellis 2004 ). ERα is phosphorylated on multiple amino acid residues ( Lannigan 2003 ). In general, phosphorylation of serine residues in the activation function 1 (AF-1) domain of ERα appears to influence the recruitment of coactivators, resulting in

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/ERC-08-0078
Volume/Issue:
Volume 15: Issue 3
Free access
Barbara Kuske
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Catherine Naughton
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Kate Moore
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Kenneth G MacLeod
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William R Miller
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Robert Clarke
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Simon P Langdon
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David A Cameron
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Introduction Estrogen receptor α (ERα) is a major growth regulator for many breast cancers and has provided an exploitable target for therapy ( Ali & Coombes 2002 ). Estrogen binding to ERα promotes conformational changes in the

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/erc.1.01257
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 4
Free access
N Sarwar
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J-S Kim
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J Jiang
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D Peston
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H D Sinnett
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P Madden
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J M Gee
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R I Nicholson
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A E Lykkesfeldt
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S Shousha
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R C Coombes
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S Ali
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Introduction It is now clear that oestrogens play a central role in promoting breast cancer development and progression ( Ali & Coombes 2002 ). In this respect, oestrogen action is mediated through the oestrogen receptors ERα and ERβ

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/erc.1.01123
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 3
Free access
Corinne N Haines Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
The Ohio State University, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA

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Kara M Braunreiter Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA

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Xiaokui Molly Mo Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA

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Craig J Burd Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
The Ohio State University, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA

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-dependent breast cancer, the activation of ERα ultimately leads to proliferation ( Dixon 2014 ). ER-positive breast cancers are treated with endocrine therapies that disrupt the activity of ERα ( Heldring et al . 2007 ). Unfortunately, patients develop resistance

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-17-0496
Volume/Issue:
Volume 25: Issue 7
Free access
Philip Jonsson Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, 3605 Cullen Blvd., Houston, Texas 77204-5056, USA

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Anne Katchy Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, 3605 Cullen Blvd., Houston, Texas 77204-5056, USA

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Cecilia Williams Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, 3605 Cullen Blvd., Houston, Texas 77204-5056, USA

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Introduction The role of estrogen receptor α (ERα ( ESR1 )) as a biological marker and target in breast cancer therapy is clear. ERα antagonists, such as tamoxifen, or estrogen ablation using aromatase inhibitors are efficient therapeutic approaches

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-13-0444
Volume/Issue:
Volume 21: Issue 2
Free access
Sarah A Dabydeen Departments of Oncology, Medicine, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, 3970 Reservoir Road NW, Research Building, Room 520A, Washington, District of Columbia 20057, USA

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Priscilla A Furth Departments of Oncology, Medicine, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, 3970 Reservoir Road NW, Research Building, Room 520A, Washington, District of Columbia 20057, USA
Departments of Oncology, Medicine, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, 3970 Reservoir Road NW, Research Building, Room 520A, Washington, District of Columbia 20057, USA

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Introduction Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease consisting of four clinically relevant categories based on the expression patterns of estrogen receptor α (ERα; ESR1 ) and V-Erb-B2 avian erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 2 ( HER2

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-13-0512
Volume/Issue:
Volume 21: Issue 3
Free access
Emily L Esakov Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

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James Hale Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

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Elliott G Richards Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

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Luke Torre-Healy Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

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Keerthi Gullapalli Trailhead Biosystems, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

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Div Trivedi Trailhead Biosystems, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

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Anastasia Chumakova Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

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Oliver Wessely Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

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Jan Jensen Trailhead Biosystems, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

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Justin Lathia Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

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Ofer Reizes Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

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and its actives metabolite 4-OH tamoxifen, belong to the selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) family and block estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1, ERα) in breast tissue, consequently inhibiting cell growth. Although it has emerged as an efficacious

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-19-0042
Volume/Issue:
Volume 26: Issue 8
Free access
Georgios P Skliris Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Manitoba Breast Tumour Bank, Tumour Tissue Repository and Deeley Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine
Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Manitoba Breast Tumour Bank, Tumour Tissue Repository and Deeley Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine

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Zoann J Nugent Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Manitoba Breast Tumour Bank, Tumour Tissue Repository and Deeley Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine

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Brian G Rowan Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Manitoba Breast Tumour Bank, Tumour Tissue Repository and Deeley Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine

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Carla R Penner Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Manitoba Breast Tumour Bank, Tumour Tissue Repository and Deeley Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine

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Peter H Watson Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Manitoba Breast Tumour Bank, Tumour Tissue Repository and Deeley Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine
Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Manitoba Breast Tumour Bank, Tumour Tissue Repository and Deeley Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine
Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Manitoba Breast Tumour Bank, Tumour Tissue Repository and Deeley Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine

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Leigh C Murphy Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Manitoba Breast Tumour Bank, Tumour Tissue Repository and Deeley Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine
Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Manitoba Breast Tumour Bank, Tumour Tissue Repository and Deeley Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine

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Introduction Oestrogen receptor (ERα) status of breast tumours is an imperfect marker of endocrine therapy response ( Osborne 1998 a , b ), and there is a need for more precise biomarkers of treatment response. ERα is regulated by post

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/ERC-10-0030
Volume/Issue:
Volume 17: Issue 3
Free access