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Introduction High-grade neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) constitute a rare disease entity and account for approximately 10% of all NENs. Given their rarity, there is a paucity of prospective data to guide the optimal diagnosis and management of
Department of Oncology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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Department of Oncology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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Department of Medical Radiation Physics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Department of Oncology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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Introduction High-grade (HG) gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) are defined by the presence of neuroendocrine phenotype and a high proliferation rate (Ki-67 > 20%). The HG NEN entity consists of well
Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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-term toxicity. 177 Lu-DOTA-octreotate (LuTathera) has recently obtained regulatory approval for patients with progressive metastatic grade 1–2 GEP NET. High-grade gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: NET G3 and NEC Gastroenteropancreatic
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cluster for Molecular Imaging, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Departments of Surgical Gastroenterology and Clinical Endocrinology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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poorly differentiated high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas (G3). The terminology of NEN G3 relates to all high-grade (G3, Ki-67 >20%) neuroendocrine malignancies; i.e. both NET G3 and NEC. Gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) NENs G3 are rare, highly malignant
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or PET status ( Garin et al . 2009 , Binderup et al . 2010 a ). More precisely, high-grade of SRS uptake was recently found to carry prognostic information ( Imhof et al . 2011 ). However, in the absence of randomized study, the respective
Department of Oncology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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Department of Oncology, Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
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Department of Oncology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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Introduction Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) constitute ~2% of all malignancies and are frequently located in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and pancreas. High-grade gastroenteropancreatic (HG-GEP) NENs are among the most aggressive cancers
The Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Pathology, Microarray Centre, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, 60 Murray Street, PO Box 41, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5T 3L9
The Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Pathology, Microarray Centre, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, 60 Murray Street, PO Box 41, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5T 3L9
The Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Pathology, Microarray Centre, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, 60 Murray Street, PO Box 41, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5T 3L9
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The Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Pathology, Microarray Centre, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, 60 Murray Street, PO Box 41, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5T 3L9
The Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Pathology, Microarray Centre, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, 60 Murray Street, PO Box 41, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5T 3L9
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The Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Pathology, Microarray Centre, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, 60 Murray Street, PO Box 41, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5T 3L9
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epithelium (OSE), accumulating evidence provides strong support that high-grade serous adnexal cancer, commonly attributed to an ovarian origin, arises from the distal fallopian tube epithelium (FTE; Colgan et al . 2001 , Piek et al . 2001 , Finch et al
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Introduction High-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) is currently accepted as a risk factor for the delayed progression to prostate cancer (PCa; Dovey et al . 2005 , Ayala & Ro 2007 , Chin et al . 2007 , Montironi et al . 2007
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Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Breast Cancer Translational Research Laboratory JC Heuson, Frontier Science (Scotland) Ltd, School of Medicine, Machine Learning Group, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Breakthrough Breast Research Group, University of Edinburgh, Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Breast Cancer Translational Research Laboratory JC Heuson, Frontier Science (Scotland) Ltd, School of Medicine, Machine Learning Group, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Breakthrough Breast Research Group, University of Edinburgh, Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Breast Cancer Translational Research Laboratory JC Heuson, Frontier Science (Scotland) Ltd, School of Medicine, Machine Learning Group, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Breakthrough Breast Research Group, University of Edinburgh, Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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genomic grade and high genomic grade tumors, with long-term outcomes that resemble low and high histological grade tumors in the absence of systemic therapy ( Sotiriou et al . 2006 ). At least, four distinct clinically relevant molecular subtypes of
Interdisciplinary Center of Neuroendocrine Tumors of the GastroEnteroPancreatic System, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Interdisciplinary Center of Neuroendocrine Tumors of the GastroEnteroPancreatic System, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Department of Medicine 3 and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Munich Cancer Registry (MCR) of the Munich Tumour Centre (TZM), Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
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1.6 Correlation between TILs, PD-1 and PD-L1 expression and grading High TILs (≥3 lymphocytes per TMA-spot) could be evaluated in 47 cases (19.6%). High PD-1 expression in TILs was seen in 35 samples (16.1%), and 20 samples (8