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Laura Gerard Service de Gastroentérologie et d’Oncologie Médicale, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France
Gastroenterology and Technologies for Health, Centre de Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France

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Céline Patte Gastroenterology and Technologies for Health, Centre de Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France

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Laurence Chardon Service de Biochimie Biologie Moléculaire, Centre de Biologie Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France

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Valérie Hervieu Gastroenterology and Technologies for Health, Centre de Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
Service Central d’Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France

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Léa Payen Institut de Cancérologie des Hospices Civils de Lyon, CIRculating CANcer Program (CIRCAN), Lyon, France

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Marion Allio Gastroenterology and Technologies for Health, Centre de Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France

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Claire Marx Service d'Endocrinologie-Diabète-Nutrition, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Lyon Sud, Lyon, France

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Hugo Clermidy Service de Chirurgie Thoracique, Vidéothoracoscopie et Transplantation Pulmonaire, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Louis Pradel, Lyon, France

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Alice Durand Service de Gastroentérologie et d’Oncologie Médicale, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France

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Patrick Mehlen Gastroenterology and Technologies for Health, Centre de Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France

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Julien Bollard Gastroenterology and Technologies for Health, Centre de Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France

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Gilles Poncet Service de Chirurgie Digestive, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France

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Colette Roche Gastroenterology and Technologies for Health, Centre de Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France

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Benjamin Gibert Gastroenterology and Technologies for Health, Centre de Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France

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Thomas Walter Service de Gastroentérologie et d’Oncologie Médicale, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France
Gastroenterology and Technologies for Health, Centre de Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France

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Neuropilin 2 (NRP2), a transmembrane non-tyrosine kinase receptor, has been described as a potential critical player in the tumourigenesis of several solid cancers and particularly in neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs). A soluble form of NRP2 (sNRP2) has been previously described and corresponds to a truncated splice isoform. Its prognostic value has never been studied in NEN. NRP2 expression was studied by immunochemistry on tissue microarrays (n = 437) and on circulating tumour cells (CTCs, n = 5 patients with neuroendocrine carcinoma, NEC). We described the levels of sNRP2 in 229 patients with NEN using the ELISA method to identify the factors associated with sNRP2 levels and to evaluate its prognostic role; 90 blood donors represented the healthy control group. NRP2 was found in 97% of neuroendocrine tumours (396/410) and in 74% of NEC (20/27). NRP2 was also expressed in CTC of all the studied patients. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that sNRP2 had a weak capacity to discriminate between NEN patients and healthy controls (area under curve (AUC) = 0.601, P = 0.053). Abnormal sNRP2 levels were associated with inflammatory syndrome, bone and peritoneal metastases, and abnormal chromogranin A levels. Patients with high sNRP2 levels (sNRP2Q3–Q4) had significantly poorer overall survival in multivariate analysis (HR 0.16, 95% CI (0.04–0.67), P = 0.015). In conclusion, the present study found that sNRP2 and NRP2 could represent a new prognostic biomarker and a therapeutic target, respectively, particularly in aggressive NEN.

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