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Christine M Friedenreich Division of Cancer Care, Department of Community Health Sciences, Department of Oncology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, Department of Anatomical Pathology, School of Public Health, Department of Internal Medicine, Alberta Health Services, Department of Population Health Research, 2210-2nd Street SW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2C 3S3
Division of Cancer Care, Department of Community Health Sciences, Department of Oncology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, Department of Anatomical Pathology, School of Public Health, Department of Internal Medicine, Alberta Health Services, Department of Population Health Research, 2210-2nd Street SW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2C 3S3
Division of Cancer Care, Department of Community Health Sciences, Department of Oncology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, Department of Anatomical Pathology, School of Public Health, Department of Internal Medicine, Alberta Health Services, Department of Population Health Research, 2210-2nd Street SW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2C 3S3

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Annie R Langley Division of Cancer Care, Department of Community Health Sciences, Department of Oncology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, Department of Anatomical Pathology, School of Public Health, Department of Internal Medicine, Alberta Health Services, Department of Population Health Research, 2210-2nd Street SW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2C 3S3

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Thomas P Speidel Division of Cancer Care, Department of Community Health Sciences, Department of Oncology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, Department of Anatomical Pathology, School of Public Health, Department of Internal Medicine, Alberta Health Services, Department of Population Health Research, 2210-2nd Street SW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2C 3S3

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David C W Lau Division of Cancer Care, Department of Community Health Sciences, Department of Oncology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, Department of Anatomical Pathology, School of Public Health, Department of Internal Medicine, Alberta Health Services, Department of Population Health Research, 2210-2nd Street SW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2C 3S3
Division of Cancer Care, Department of Community Health Sciences, Department of Oncology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, Department of Anatomical Pathology, School of Public Health, Department of Internal Medicine, Alberta Health Services, Department of Population Health Research, 2210-2nd Street SW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2C 3S3

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Kerry S Courneya Division of Cancer Care, Department of Community Health Sciences, Department of Oncology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, Department of Anatomical Pathology, School of Public Health, Department of Internal Medicine, Alberta Health Services, Department of Population Health Research, 2210-2nd Street SW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2C 3S3

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Ilona Csizmadi Division of Cancer Care, Department of Community Health Sciences, Department of Oncology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, Department of Anatomical Pathology, School of Public Health, Department of Internal Medicine, Alberta Health Services, Department of Population Health Research, 2210-2nd Street SW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2C 3S3
Division of Cancer Care, Department of Community Health Sciences, Department of Oncology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, Department of Anatomical Pathology, School of Public Health, Department of Internal Medicine, Alberta Health Services, Department of Population Health Research, 2210-2nd Street SW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2C 3S3
Division of Cancer Care, Department of Community Health Sciences, Department of Oncology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, Department of Anatomical Pathology, School of Public Health, Department of Internal Medicine, Alberta Health Services, Department of Population Health Research, 2210-2nd Street SW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2C 3S3

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Anthony M Magliocco Division of Cancer Care, Department of Community Health Sciences, Department of Oncology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, Department of Anatomical Pathology, School of Public Health, Department of Internal Medicine, Alberta Health Services, Department of Population Health Research, 2210-2nd Street SW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2C 3S3

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Yutaka Yasui Division of Cancer Care, Department of Community Health Sciences, Department of Oncology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, Department of Anatomical Pathology, School of Public Health, Department of Internal Medicine, Alberta Health Services, Department of Population Health Research, 2210-2nd Street SW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2C 3S3

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Linda S Cook Division of Cancer Care, Department of Community Health Sciences, Department of Oncology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, Department of Anatomical Pathology, School of Public Health, Department of Internal Medicine, Alberta Health Services, Department of Population Health Research, 2210-2nd Street SW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2C 3S3
Division of Cancer Care, Department of Community Health Sciences, Department of Oncology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, Department of Anatomical Pathology, School of Public Health, Department of Internal Medicine, Alberta Health Services, Department of Population Health Research, 2210-2nd Street SW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2C 3S3
Division of Cancer Care, Department of Community Health Sciences, Department of Oncology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, Department of Anatomical Pathology, School of Public Health, Department of Internal Medicine, Alberta Health Services, Department of Population Health Research, 2210-2nd Street SW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2C 3S3

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endometrial cancer, and very few studies have assessed the influence of other measures of insulin resistance and endometrial cancer risk. This population-based case–control study of endometrial cancer examined the association of markers of insulin resistance

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Laure Dossus Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Sabina Rinaldi Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Susen Becker Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Annekatrin Lukanova Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Anne Tjonneland Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Anja Olsen Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Jakob Stegger Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Kim Overvad Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Nathalie Chabbert-Buffet Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Aida Jimenez-Corona Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Francoise Clavel-Chapelon Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Sabine Rohrmann Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Birgit Teucher Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Heiner Boeing Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Madlen Schütze Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Antonia Trichopoulou Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Vassiliki Benetou Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Pagona Lagiou Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Domenico Palli Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Franco Berrino Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Salvatore Panico Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Rosario Tumino Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Carlotta Sacerdote Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Maria-Luisa Redondo Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Noémie Travier Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Maria-Jose Sanchez Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Jone M Altzibar Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Maria-Dolores Chirlaque Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Eva Ardanaz Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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H Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Fränzel J B van Duijnhoven Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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N Charlotte Onland-Moret Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Petra H M Peeters Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Goran Hallmans Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Eva Lundin Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Kay-Tee Khaw Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Nicholas Wareham Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Naomi Allen Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Tim J Key Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Nadia Slimani Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Pierre Hainaut Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Dora Romaguera Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Teresa Norat Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Elio Riboli Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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Rudolf Kaaks Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Cardiology, Department of Epidemiology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Inserm, National Institute of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, Hellenic Health Foundation, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO Piedmont), Human Genetic Foundation (Hugef), Public Health and Participation Directorate, Unit of Nutrition, Andalusian School of Public Health, CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Public Health Institute of Navarra, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Section of Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

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, Herder et al . 2009 ), another well-known risk factor for endometrial cancer development ( Friberg et al . 2007 ). We conducted a case–control study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition (EPIC) to examine the

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Cher M Dallal Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Department of Medicine, Group Health Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics Branch, Jewish General Hospital, Advanced Technology Program, Division of Cancer Etiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Suite 550, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, USA
Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Department of Medicine, Group Health Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics Branch, Jewish General Hospital, Advanced Technology Program, Division of Cancer Etiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Suite 550, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, USA

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Louise A Brinton Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Department of Medicine, Group Health Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics Branch, Jewish General Hospital, Advanced Technology Program, Division of Cancer Etiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Suite 550, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, USA

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Douglas C Bauer Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Department of Medicine, Group Health Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics Branch, Jewish General Hospital, Advanced Technology Program, Division of Cancer Etiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Suite 550, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, USA

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Diana S M Buist Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Department of Medicine, Group Health Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics Branch, Jewish General Hospital, Advanced Technology Program, Division of Cancer Etiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Suite 550, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, USA

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Jane A Cauley Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Department of Medicine, Group Health Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics Branch, Jewish General Hospital, Advanced Technology Program, Division of Cancer Etiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Suite 550, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, USA

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Trisha F Hue Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Department of Medicine, Group Health Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics Branch, Jewish General Hospital, Advanced Technology Program, Division of Cancer Etiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Suite 550, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, USA

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Andrea LaCroix Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Department of Medicine, Group Health Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics Branch, Jewish General Hospital, Advanced Technology Program, Division of Cancer Etiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Suite 550, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, USA

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Jeffrey A Tice Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Department of Medicine, Group Health Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics Branch, Jewish General Hospital, Advanced Technology Program, Division of Cancer Etiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Suite 550, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, USA

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Victoria M Chia Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Department of Medicine, Group Health Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics Branch, Jewish General Hospital, Advanced Technology Program, Division of Cancer Etiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Suite 550, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, USA

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Roni Falk Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Department of Medicine, Group Health Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics Branch, Jewish General Hospital, Advanced Technology Program, Division of Cancer Etiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Suite 550, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, USA

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Ruth Pfeiffer Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Department of Medicine, Group Health Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics Branch, Jewish General Hospital, Advanced Technology Program, Division of Cancer Etiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Suite 550, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, USA

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Michael Pollak Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Department of Medicine, Group Health Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics Branch, Jewish General Hospital, Advanced Technology Program, Division of Cancer Etiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Suite 550, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, USA

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Timothy D Veenstra Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Department of Medicine, Group Health Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics Branch, Jewish General Hospital, Advanced Technology Program, Division of Cancer Etiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Suite 550, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, USA

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Xia Xu Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Department of Medicine, Group Health Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics Branch, Jewish General Hospital, Advanced Technology Program, Division of Cancer Etiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Suite 550, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, USA

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James V Lacey Jr Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Department of Medicine, Group Health Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics Branch, Jewish General Hospital, Advanced Technology Program, Division of Cancer Etiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Suite 550, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, USA

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for the B∼FIT Research Group
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positively associated with endometrial cancer based on findings from case–control studies ( Petridou et al . 2002 , Cymbaluk et al . 2008 , Ashizawa et al . 2010 ). To date, no prospective studies have evaluated leptin in relation to endometrial cancer

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Marc Sinotte Unité de Recherche en Santé des Populations, Unité de Recherche en Génétique Humaine et Moléculaire, Unité de Recherche en Santé Publique, Centre des Maladies du Sein Deschênes-Fabia, Breast Cancer Functional Genomics Group and McGill Centre for Bioinformatics, Centre Hospitalier Affilié Universitaire de Québec, 1050 Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, Québec, Canada G1S 4L8
Unité de Recherche en Santé des Populations, Unité de Recherche en Génétique Humaine et Moléculaire, Unité de Recherche en Santé Publique, Centre des Maladies du Sein Deschênes-Fabia, Breast Cancer Functional Genomics Group and McGill Centre for Bioinformatics, Centre Hospitalier Affilié Universitaire de Québec, 1050 Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, Québec, Canada G1S 4L8

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François Rousseau Unité de Recherche en Santé des Populations, Unité de Recherche en Génétique Humaine et Moléculaire, Unité de Recherche en Santé Publique, Centre des Maladies du Sein Deschênes-Fabia, Breast Cancer Functional Genomics Group and McGill Centre for Bioinformatics, Centre Hospitalier Affilié Universitaire de Québec, 1050 Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, Québec, Canada G1S 4L8

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Pierre Ayotte Unité de Recherche en Santé des Populations, Unité de Recherche en Génétique Humaine et Moléculaire, Unité de Recherche en Santé Publique, Centre des Maladies du Sein Deschênes-Fabia, Breast Cancer Functional Genomics Group and McGill Centre for Bioinformatics, Centre Hospitalier Affilié Universitaire de Québec, 1050 Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, Québec, Canada G1S 4L8
Unité de Recherche en Santé des Populations, Unité de Recherche en Génétique Humaine et Moléculaire, Unité de Recherche en Santé Publique, Centre des Maladies du Sein Deschênes-Fabia, Breast Cancer Functional Genomics Group and McGill Centre for Bioinformatics, Centre Hospitalier Affilié Universitaire de Québec, 1050 Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, Québec, Canada G1S 4L8

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Eric Dewailly Unité de Recherche en Santé des Populations, Unité de Recherche en Génétique Humaine et Moléculaire, Unité de Recherche en Santé Publique, Centre des Maladies du Sein Deschênes-Fabia, Breast Cancer Functional Genomics Group and McGill Centre for Bioinformatics, Centre Hospitalier Affilié Universitaire de Québec, 1050 Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, Québec, Canada G1S 4L8
Unité de Recherche en Santé des Populations, Unité de Recherche en Génétique Humaine et Moléculaire, Unité de Recherche en Santé Publique, Centre des Maladies du Sein Deschênes-Fabia, Breast Cancer Functional Genomics Group and McGill Centre for Bioinformatics, Centre Hospitalier Affilié Universitaire de Québec, 1050 Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, Québec, Canada G1S 4L8

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Caroline Diorio Unité de Recherche en Santé des Populations, Unité de Recherche en Génétique Humaine et Moléculaire, Unité de Recherche en Santé Publique, Centre des Maladies du Sein Deschênes-Fabia, Breast Cancer Functional Genomics Group and McGill Centre for Bioinformatics, Centre Hospitalier Affilié Universitaire de Québec, 1050 Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, Québec, Canada G1S 4L8
Unité de Recherche en Santé des Populations, Unité de Recherche en Génétique Humaine et Moléculaire, Unité de Recherche en Santé Publique, Centre des Maladies du Sein Deschênes-Fabia, Breast Cancer Functional Genomics Group and McGill Centre for Bioinformatics, Centre Hospitalier Affilié Universitaire de Québec, 1050 Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, Québec, Canada G1S 4L8
Unité de Recherche en Santé des Populations, Unité de Recherche en Génétique Humaine et Moléculaire, Unité de Recherche en Santé Publique, Centre des Maladies du Sein Deschênes-Fabia, Breast Cancer Functional Genomics Group and McGill Centre for Bioinformatics, Centre Hospitalier Affilié Universitaire de Québec, 1050 Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, Québec, Canada G1S 4L8
Unité de Recherche en Santé des Populations, Unité de Recherche en Génétique Humaine et Moléculaire, Unité de Recherche en Santé Publique, Centre des Maladies du Sein Deschênes-Fabia, Breast Cancer Functional Genomics Group and McGill Centre for Bioinformatics, Centre Hospitalier Affilié Universitaire de Québec, 1050 Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, Québec, Canada G1S 4L8

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Yves Giguère Unité de Recherche en Santé des Populations, Unité de Recherche en Génétique Humaine et Moléculaire, Unité de Recherche en Santé Publique, Centre des Maladies du Sein Deschênes-Fabia, Breast Cancer Functional Genomics Group and McGill Centre for Bioinformatics, Centre Hospitalier Affilié Universitaire de Québec, 1050 Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, Québec, Canada G1S 4L8

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Sylvie Bérubé Unité de Recherche en Santé des Populations, Unité de Recherche en Génétique Humaine et Moléculaire, Unité de Recherche en Santé Publique, Centre des Maladies du Sein Deschênes-Fabia, Breast Cancer Functional Genomics Group and McGill Centre for Bioinformatics, Centre Hospitalier Affilié Universitaire de Québec, 1050 Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, Québec, Canada G1S 4L8
Unité de Recherche en Santé des Populations, Unité de Recherche en Génétique Humaine et Moléculaire, Unité de Recherche en Santé Publique, Centre des Maladies du Sein Deschênes-Fabia, Breast Cancer Functional Genomics Group and McGill Centre for Bioinformatics, Centre Hospitalier Affilié Universitaire de Québec, 1050 Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, Québec, Canada G1S 4L8

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Jacques Brisson Unité de Recherche en Santé des Populations, Unité de Recherche en Génétique Humaine et Moléculaire, Unité de Recherche en Santé Publique, Centre des Maladies du Sein Deschênes-Fabia, Breast Cancer Functional Genomics Group and McGill Centre for Bioinformatics, Centre Hospitalier Affilié Universitaire de Québec, 1050 Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, Québec, Canada G1S 4L8
Unité de Recherche en Santé des Populations, Unité de Recherche en Génétique Humaine et Moléculaire, Unité de Recherche en Santé Publique, Centre des Maladies du Sein Deschênes-Fabia, Breast Cancer Functional Genomics Group and McGill Centre for Bioinformatics, Centre Hospitalier Affilié Universitaire de Québec, 1050 Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, Québec, Canada G1S 4L8
Unité de Recherche en Santé des Populations, Unité de Recherche en Génétique Humaine et Moléculaire, Unité de Recherche en Santé Publique, Centre des Maladies du Sein Deschênes-Fabia, Breast Cancer Functional Genomics Group and McGill Centre for Bioinformatics, Centre Hospitalier Affilié Universitaire de Québec, 1050 Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, Québec, Canada G1S 4L8

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-evaluated the associations of Fok I and Bsm I polymorphisms with breast cancer risk using two independent case–control studies carried out within the same homogeneous Quebec population. Materials and methods Study 1 This case–control study has been previously

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Thérèse Truong Inserm CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, Villejuif, France

Université Paris-Sud UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France

Biostatistical Unit MRC, Cambridge, UK

School of Mathematics and Physics The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia

Inserm CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Epidemiology of Diabetes, Obesity and Chronic Kidney Disease Over Lifecourse, Villejuif, France

Université Paris Descartes INSERM UMR-S775 EPIGENETEC, Paris, France

Département d'informatique médicale Center Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France

Center Eugène Marquis Rennes, France
Inserm CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, Villejuif, France

Université Paris-Sud UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France

Biostatistical Unit MRC, Cambridge, UK

School of Mathematics and Physics The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia

Inserm CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Epidemiology of Diabetes, Obesity and Chronic Kidney Disease Over Lifecourse, Villejuif, France

Université Paris Descartes INSERM UMR-S775 EPIGENETEC, Paris, France

Département d'informatique médicale Center Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France

Center Eugène Marquis Rennes, France

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Benoît Liquet Inserm CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, Villejuif, France

Université Paris-Sud UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France

Biostatistical Unit MRC, Cambridge, UK

School of Mathematics and Physics The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia

Inserm CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Epidemiology of Diabetes, Obesity and Chronic Kidney Disease Over Lifecourse, Villejuif, France

Université Paris Descartes INSERM UMR-S775 EPIGENETEC, Paris, France

Département d'informatique médicale Center Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France

Center Eugène Marquis Rennes, France
Inserm CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, Villejuif, France

Université Paris-Sud UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France

Biostatistical Unit MRC, Cambridge, UK

School of Mathematics and Physics The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia

Inserm CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Epidemiology of Diabetes, Obesity and Chronic Kidney Disease Over Lifecourse, Villejuif, France

Université Paris Descartes INSERM UMR-S775 EPIGENETEC, Paris, France

Département d'informatique médicale Center Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France

Center Eugène Marquis Rennes, France

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Florence Menegaux Inserm CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, Villejuif, France

Université Paris-Sud UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France

Biostatistical Unit MRC, Cambridge, UK

School of Mathematics and Physics The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia

Inserm CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Epidemiology of Diabetes, Obesity and Chronic Kidney Disease Over Lifecourse, Villejuif, France

Université Paris Descartes INSERM UMR-S775 EPIGENETEC, Paris, France

Département d'informatique médicale Center Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France

Center Eugène Marquis Rennes, France
Inserm CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, Villejuif, France

Université Paris-Sud UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France

Biostatistical Unit MRC, Cambridge, UK

School of Mathematics and Physics The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia

Inserm CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Epidemiology of Diabetes, Obesity and Chronic Kidney Disease Over Lifecourse, Villejuif, France

Université Paris Descartes INSERM UMR-S775 EPIGENETEC, Paris, France

Département d'informatique médicale Center Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France

Center Eugène Marquis Rennes, France

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Sabine Plancoulaine Inserm CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, Villejuif, France

Université Paris-Sud UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France

Biostatistical Unit MRC, Cambridge, UK

School of Mathematics and Physics The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia

Inserm CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Epidemiology of Diabetes, Obesity and Chronic Kidney Disease Over Lifecourse, Villejuif, France

Université Paris Descartes INSERM UMR-S775 EPIGENETEC, Paris, France

Département d'informatique médicale Center Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France

Center Eugène Marquis Rennes, France
Inserm CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, Villejuif, France

Université Paris-Sud UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France

Biostatistical Unit MRC, Cambridge, UK

School of Mathematics and Physics The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia

Inserm CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Epidemiology of Diabetes, Obesity and Chronic Kidney Disease Over Lifecourse, Villejuif, France

Université Paris Descartes INSERM UMR-S775 EPIGENETEC, Paris, France

Département d'informatique médicale Center Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France

Center Eugène Marquis Rennes, France

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Pierre Laurent-Puig Inserm CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, Villejuif, France

Université Paris-Sud UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France

Biostatistical Unit MRC, Cambridge, UK

School of Mathematics and Physics The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia

Inserm CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Epidemiology of Diabetes, Obesity and Chronic Kidney Disease Over Lifecourse, Villejuif, France

Université Paris Descartes INSERM UMR-S775 EPIGENETEC, Paris, France

Département d'informatique médicale Center Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France

Center Eugène Marquis Rennes, France

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Claire Mulot Inserm CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, Villejuif, France

Université Paris-Sud UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France

Biostatistical Unit MRC, Cambridge, UK

School of Mathematics and Physics The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia

Inserm CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Epidemiology of Diabetes, Obesity and Chronic Kidney Disease Over Lifecourse, Villejuif, France

Université Paris Descartes INSERM UMR-S775 EPIGENETEC, Paris, France

Département d'informatique médicale Center Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France

Center Eugène Marquis Rennes, France

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Emilie Cordina-Duverger Inserm CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, Villejuif, France

Université Paris-Sud UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France

Biostatistical Unit MRC, Cambridge, UK

School of Mathematics and Physics The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia

Inserm CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Epidemiology of Diabetes, Obesity and Chronic Kidney Disease Over Lifecourse, Villejuif, France

Université Paris Descartes INSERM UMR-S775 EPIGENETEC, Paris, France

Département d'informatique médicale Center Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France

Center Eugène Marquis Rennes, France
Inserm CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, Villejuif, France

Université Paris-Sud UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France

Biostatistical Unit MRC, Cambridge, UK

School of Mathematics and Physics The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia

Inserm CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Epidemiology of Diabetes, Obesity and Chronic Kidney Disease Over Lifecourse, Villejuif, France

Université Paris Descartes INSERM UMR-S775 EPIGENETEC, Paris, France

Département d'informatique médicale Center Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France

Center Eugène Marquis Rennes, France

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Marie Sanchez Inserm CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, Villejuif, France

Université Paris-Sud UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France

Biostatistical Unit MRC, Cambridge, UK

School of Mathematics and Physics The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia

Inserm CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Epidemiology of Diabetes, Obesity and Chronic Kidney Disease Over Lifecourse, Villejuif, France

Université Paris Descartes INSERM UMR-S775 EPIGENETEC, Paris, France

Département d'informatique médicale Center Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France

Center Eugène Marquis Rennes, France
Inserm CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, Villejuif, France

Université Paris-Sud UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France

Biostatistical Unit MRC, Cambridge, UK

School of Mathematics and Physics The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia

Inserm CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Epidemiology of Diabetes, Obesity and Chronic Kidney Disease Over Lifecourse, Villejuif, France

Université Paris Descartes INSERM UMR-S775 EPIGENETEC, Paris, France

Département d'informatique médicale Center Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France

Center Eugène Marquis Rennes, France

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Patrick Arveux Inserm CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, Villejuif, France

Université Paris-Sud UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France

Biostatistical Unit MRC, Cambridge, UK

School of Mathematics and Physics The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia

Inserm CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Epidemiology of Diabetes, Obesity and Chronic Kidney Disease Over Lifecourse, Villejuif, France

Université Paris Descartes INSERM UMR-S775 EPIGENETEC, Paris, France

Département d'informatique médicale Center Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France

Center Eugène Marquis Rennes, France

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Pierre Kerbrat Inserm CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, Villejuif, France

Université Paris-Sud UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France

Biostatistical Unit MRC, Cambridge, UK

School of Mathematics and Physics The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia

Inserm CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Epidemiology of Diabetes, Obesity and Chronic Kidney Disease Over Lifecourse, Villejuif, France

Université Paris Descartes INSERM UMR-S775 EPIGENETEC, Paris, France

Département d'informatique médicale Center Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France

Center Eugène Marquis Rennes, France

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Sylvia Richardson Inserm CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, Villejuif, France

Université Paris-Sud UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France

Biostatistical Unit MRC, Cambridge, UK

School of Mathematics and Physics The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia

Inserm CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Epidemiology of Diabetes, Obesity and Chronic Kidney Disease Over Lifecourse, Villejuif, France

Université Paris Descartes INSERM UMR-S775 EPIGENETEC, Paris, France

Département d'informatique médicale Center Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France

Center Eugène Marquis Rennes, France

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Pascal Guénel Inserm CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, Villejuif, France

Université Paris-Sud UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France

Biostatistical Unit MRC, Cambridge, UK

School of Mathematics and Physics The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia

Inserm CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Epidemiology of Diabetes, Obesity and Chronic Kidney Disease Over Lifecourse, Villejuif, France

Université Paris Descartes INSERM UMR-S775 EPIGENETEC, Paris, France

Département d'informatique médicale Center Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France

Center Eugène Marquis Rennes, France
Inserm CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, Villejuif, France

Université Paris-Sud UMRS 1018, Villejuif, France

Biostatistical Unit MRC, Cambridge, UK

School of Mathematics and Physics The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia

Inserm CESP Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Epidemiology of Diabetes, Obesity and Chronic Kidney Disease Over Lifecourse, Villejuif, France

Université Paris Descartes INSERM UMR-S775 EPIGENETEC, Paris, France

Département d'informatique médicale Center Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France

Center Eugène Marquis Rennes, France

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among women working in night shifts ( Lie et al . 2011 , Hansen & Lassen 2012 ), including our population-based case–control study in France ( Menegaux et al . 2013 ). Mechanistic hypotheses proposed to explain the potential carcinogenic effects of

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Helena Schock Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Medical Biosciences, Unit of Sexual and Reproductive Health, Departments of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, New York University Cancer Institute, Finnish Cancer Registry, School of Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Clinical Medicine: Nutritional Research, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Medical Biosciences, Unit of Sexual and Reproductive Health, Departments of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, New York University Cancer Institute, Finnish Cancer Registry, School of Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Clinical Medicine: Nutritional Research, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany

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Heljä-Marja Surcel Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Medical Biosciences, Unit of Sexual and Reproductive Health, Departments of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, New York University Cancer Institute, Finnish Cancer Registry, School of Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Clinical Medicine: Nutritional Research, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany

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Anne Zeleniuch-Jacquotte Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Medical Biosciences, Unit of Sexual and Reproductive Health, Departments of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, New York University Cancer Institute, Finnish Cancer Registry, School of Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Clinical Medicine: Nutritional Research, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Medical Biosciences, Unit of Sexual and Reproductive Health, Departments of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, New York University Cancer Institute, Finnish Cancer Registry, School of Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Clinical Medicine: Nutritional Research, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany

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Kjell Grankvist Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Medical Biosciences, Unit of Sexual and Reproductive Health, Departments of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, New York University Cancer Institute, Finnish Cancer Registry, School of Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Clinical Medicine: Nutritional Research, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany

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Hans-Åke Lakso Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Medical Biosciences, Unit of Sexual and Reproductive Health, Departments of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, New York University Cancer Institute, Finnish Cancer Registry, School of Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Clinical Medicine: Nutritional Research, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany

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Renée Turzanski Fortner Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Medical Biosciences, Unit of Sexual and Reproductive Health, Departments of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, New York University Cancer Institute, Finnish Cancer Registry, School of Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Clinical Medicine: Nutritional Research, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany

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Rudolf Kaaks Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Medical Biosciences, Unit of Sexual and Reproductive Health, Departments of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, New York University Cancer Institute, Finnish Cancer Registry, School of Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Clinical Medicine: Nutritional Research, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany

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Eero Pukkala Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Medical Biosciences, Unit of Sexual and Reproductive Health, Departments of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, New York University Cancer Institute, Finnish Cancer Registry, School of Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Clinical Medicine: Nutritional Research, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Medical Biosciences, Unit of Sexual and Reproductive Health, Departments of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, New York University Cancer Institute, Finnish Cancer Registry, School of Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Clinical Medicine: Nutritional Research, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany

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Matti Lehtinen Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Medical Biosciences, Unit of Sexual and Reproductive Health, Departments of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, New York University Cancer Institute, Finnish Cancer Registry, School of Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Clinical Medicine: Nutritional Research, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany

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Paolo Toniolo Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Medical Biosciences, Unit of Sexual and Reproductive Health, Departments of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, New York University Cancer Institute, Finnish Cancer Registry, School of Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Clinical Medicine: Nutritional Research, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Medical Biosciences, Unit of Sexual and Reproductive Health, Departments of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, New York University Cancer Institute, Finnish Cancer Registry, School of Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Clinical Medicine: Nutritional Research, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Medical Biosciences, Unit of Sexual and Reproductive Health, Departments of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, New York University Cancer Institute, Finnish Cancer Registry, School of Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Clinical Medicine: Nutritional Research, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany

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Eva Lundin Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Medical Biosciences, Unit of Sexual and Reproductive Health, Departments of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, New York University Cancer Institute, Finnish Cancer Registry, School of Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Clinical Medicine: Nutritional Research, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Medical Biosciences, Unit of Sexual and Reproductive Health, Departments of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, New York University Cancer Institute, Finnish Cancer Registry, School of Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Clinical Medicine: Nutritional Research, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany

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and the subsequent ovarian cancer risk in a case–control study nested in two prospective maternity cohorts. Furthermore, we present the first data, to our knowledge, on early pregnancy hormones and the risk of EOC on the basis of histological subtype

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Jingyuan Ma Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Diabetes, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Institute of Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China

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Xinyu Huang Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

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Jungong Zhao Department of Radiology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

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Jingyi Lu Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Diabetes, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Institute of Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China

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Wei Lu Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Diabetes, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Institute of Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China

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Yuqian Bao Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Diabetes, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Institute of Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China

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Jian Zhou Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Diabetes, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Institute of Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China

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Junfeng Han Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Diabetes, Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Institute of Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China

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Insulin release index (IRI) based on 72-h fasting test has been used for the definitive diagnosis of insulinoma; however, hospitalization and subsequent costs contribute to the disadvantage of IRI. Therefore, a simple and cost-effective screening procedure for the diagnosis of insulinoma for outpatients are crucially needed. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has been widely used for monitoring high level of glucose in diabetic patients. The aim of the study is to determine the potential contribution or implementation of CGM in the screening of the insulinoma. We performed a single-center prospective study with the demographics and laboratory data including 28 patients with the pathological diagnosis of insulinoma and 25 patients with functional hypoglycemia as control group. The analysis showed that areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of coefficient of variation (CV) was 0.914. The CV cutoff point was 19% with the Youden 62.1%, the corresponding sensitivity and specificity were 82.1 and 80%, respectively. In patients with CV greater than the median, more than 60% of insulinomas were located in the head of the pancreas; most Ki-67 values were more than 2% and when compared with the group with CV smaller than the median, the average tumor size was 2.7 times larger. In conclusion, CGM can be used as a valuable tool in not only monitoring high glucose levels in diabetic patients but also identifying the etiology of insulinoma. CV greater than 19% can be highly effective for the screening of insulinoma in outpatients.

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Han Chen Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

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Ming Ni Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

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Yun Xu Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

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Li-Yong Zhong Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

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Children with intracranial germ cell tumors may present premature sexual development via either gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-dependent cause or GnRH-independent cause. We conducted a single-center retrospective study on 37 precocious puberty (PP) patients with intracranial germ cell tumors and 25 age-matched prepubertal patients with elevated human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels. Classification of PP was derived from hCG, gonadotropin and sex steroid levels and their changes. Five boys were assigned to GnRH-dependent group (G1). Thirty-one boys and one girl were assigned to GnRH-independent group (G2) with a median hCG of 76.75 (8.29–2747) IU/L. Seven boys and 18 girls were conducted as controls, with a median hCG of 17.12 (2.91–1062) IU/L. Patients in G1 had constant pubertal LH and testosterone levels after tumor complete response. Patients in G2 had hCG levels that decreased simultaneously with testosterone/estradiol levels, prior to tumor regression. The differences in hCG levels and the gender ratio were significant between G2 and controls (P = 0.006 and P < 0.001, separately). Among intracranial germ cell tumor patients with positive hCG, boys with significantly higher hCG levels more easily developed PP. Our results suggest that GnRH-independent PP commonly regresses together with tumor regression. In comparison, results were inconclusive in tying tumor regression to the regression of GnRH-dependent PP.

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S E Bojesen
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S K Kjær
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E V S Høgdall
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B L Thomsen
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C K Høgdall
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J Blaakær
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A Tybjærg-Hansen
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B G Nordestgaard
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associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer. First, we tested the hypothesis in a case-control study of 463 Danish women with ovarian cancer compared with 3543 Danish control women from the general population matched for age and marital status

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Alfred O Mueck Department of Endocrinology and Menopause, Centre for Women's Health BW, University Women's Hospital, Calwer Strasse 7, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany

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Harald Seeger Department of Endocrinology and Menopause, Centre for Women's Health BW, University Women's Hospital, Calwer Strasse 7, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany

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Thomas Rabe Department of Endocrinology and Menopause, Centre for Women's Health BW, University Women's Hospital, Calwer Strasse 7, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany

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cancer’ or ‘neoplasm’) and (‘case–control study’ or ‘cohort study’). The search was primarily limited to English language articles. To be considered for inclusion, publications had to be original articles. We included all cohort and case–control studies

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