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David L Vesely
David L Vesely
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Departments of Medicine, Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, James A. Haley VA Medical Center-151, University of South Florida Cardiac Hormone Center, and University of South Florida Morsani School of Medicine, 13000 Bruce B. Downs Boulevard, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
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Introduction The heart is a sophisticated endocrine gland that synthesizes at least six peptide hormones by three different genes ( Brenner et al . 1990 , Gardner et al . 1997 , Vesely 2002 ). The cardiac hormones synthesized by these three
Naomi E Allen
Naomi E Allen
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Timothy J Key
Timothy J Key
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Laure Dossus
Laure Dossus
Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Nutrition and Hormones Group, University of Sydney, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Andalusian School of Public Health, Public Health & Health Planning Directorate, Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Research, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Inserm E3N-EPIC, MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Clinical Gerontology Unit, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Sabina Rinaldi
Sabina Rinaldi
Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Nutrition and Hormones Group, University of Sydney, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Andalusian School of Public Health, Public Health & Health Planning Directorate, Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Research, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Inserm E3N-EPIC, MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Clinical Gerontology Unit, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Anne Cust
Anne Cust
Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Nutrition and Hormones Group, University of Sydney, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Andalusian School of Public Health, Public Health & Health Planning Directorate, Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Research, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Inserm E3N-EPIC, MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Clinical Gerontology Unit, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Nutrition and Hormones Group, University of Sydney, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Andalusian School of Public Health, Public Health & Health Planning Directorate, Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Research, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Inserm E3N-EPIC, MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Clinical Gerontology Unit, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Nutrition and Hormones Group, University of Sydney, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Andalusian School of Public Health, Public Health & Health Planning Directorate, Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Research, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Inserm E3N-EPIC, MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Clinical Gerontology Unit, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Annekatrin Lukanova
Annekatrin Lukanova
Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Nutrition and Hormones Group, University of Sydney, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Andalusian School of Public Health, Public Health & Health Planning Directorate, Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Research, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Inserm E3N-EPIC, MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Clinical Gerontology Unit, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Petra H Peeters
Petra H Peeters
Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Nutrition and Hormones Group, University of Sydney, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Andalusian School of Public Health, Public Health & Health Planning Directorate, Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Research, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Inserm E3N-EPIC, MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Clinical Gerontology Unit, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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N Charlotte Onland-Moret
N Charlotte Onland-Moret
Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Nutrition and Hormones Group, University of Sydney, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Andalusian School of Public Health, Public Health & Health Planning Directorate, Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Research, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Inserm E3N-EPIC, MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Clinical Gerontology Unit, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Petra H Lahmann
Petra H Lahmann
Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Nutrition and Hormones Group, University of Sydney, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Andalusian School of Public Health, Public Health & Health Planning Directorate, Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Research, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Inserm E3N-EPIC, MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Clinical Gerontology Unit, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Franco Berrino
Franco Berrino
Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Nutrition and Hormones Group, University of Sydney, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Andalusian School of Public Health, Public Health & Health Planning Directorate, Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Research, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Inserm E3N-EPIC, MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Clinical Gerontology Unit, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Salvatore Panico
Salvatore Panico
Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Nutrition and Hormones Group, University of Sydney, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Andalusian School of Public Health, Public Health & Health Planning Directorate, Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Research, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Inserm E3N-EPIC, MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Clinical Gerontology Unit, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Nerea Larrañaga
Nerea Larrañaga
Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Nutrition and Hormones Group, University of Sydney, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Andalusian School of Public Health, Public Health & Health Planning Directorate, Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Research, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Inserm E3N-EPIC, MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Clinical Gerontology Unit, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Guillem Pera
Guillem Pera
Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Nutrition and Hormones Group, University of Sydney, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Andalusian School of Public Health, Public Health & Health Planning Directorate, Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Research, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Inserm E3N-EPIC, MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Clinical Gerontology Unit, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Maria-José Tormo
Maria-José Tormo
Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Nutrition and Hormones Group, University of Sydney, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Andalusian School of Public Health, Public Health & Health Planning Directorate, Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Research, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Inserm E3N-EPIC, MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Clinical Gerontology Unit, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Maria-José Sánchez
Maria-José Sánchez
Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Nutrition and Hormones Group, University of Sydney, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Andalusian School of Public Health, Public Health & Health Planning Directorate, Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Research, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Inserm E3N-EPIC, MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Clinical Gerontology Unit, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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J Ramón Quirós
J Ramón Quirós
Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Nutrition and Hormones Group, University of Sydney, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Andalusian School of Public Health, Public Health & Health Planning Directorate, Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Research, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Inserm E3N-EPIC, MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Clinical Gerontology Unit, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Eva Ardanaz
Eva Ardanaz
Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Nutrition and Hormones Group, University of Sydney, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Andalusian School of Public Health, Public Health & Health Planning Directorate, Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Research, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Inserm E3N-EPIC, MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Clinical Gerontology Unit, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Anne Tjønneland
Anne Tjønneland
Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Nutrition and Hormones Group, University of Sydney, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Andalusian School of Public Health, Public Health & Health Planning Directorate, Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Research, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Inserm E3N-EPIC, MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Clinical Gerontology Unit, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Anja Olsen
Anja Olsen
Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Nutrition and Hormones Group, University of Sydney, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Andalusian School of Public Health, Public Health & Health Planning Directorate, Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Research, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Inserm E3N-EPIC, MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Clinical Gerontology Unit, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Jenny Chang-Claude
Jenny Chang-Claude
Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Nutrition and Hormones Group, University of Sydney, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Andalusian School of Public Health, Public Health & Health Planning Directorate, Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Research, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Inserm E3N-EPIC, MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Clinical Gerontology Unit, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Jakob Linseisen
Jakob Linseisen
Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Nutrition and Hormones Group, University of Sydney, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Andalusian School of Public Health, Public Health & Health Planning Directorate, Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Research, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Inserm E3N-EPIC, MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Clinical Gerontology Unit, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Mandy Schulz
Mandy Schulz
Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Nutrition and Hormones Group, University of Sydney, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Andalusian School of Public Health, Public Health & Health Planning Directorate, Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Research, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Inserm E3N-EPIC, MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Clinical Gerontology Unit, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Heiner Boeing
Heiner Boeing
Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Nutrition and Hormones Group, University of Sydney, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Andalusian School of Public Health, Public Health & Health Planning Directorate, Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Research, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Inserm E3N-EPIC, MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Clinical Gerontology Unit, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Eva Lundin
Eva Lundin
Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Nutrition and Hormones Group, University of Sydney, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Andalusian School of Public Health, Public Health & Health Planning Directorate, Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Research, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Inserm E3N-EPIC, MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Clinical Gerontology Unit, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Domenico Palli
Domenico Palli
Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Nutrition and Hormones Group, University of Sydney, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Andalusian School of Public Health, Public Health & Health Planning Directorate, Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Research, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Inserm E3N-EPIC, MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Clinical Gerontology Unit, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Kim Overvad
Kim Overvad
Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Nutrition and Hormones Group, University of Sydney, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Andalusian School of Public Health, Public Health & Health Planning Directorate, Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Research, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Inserm E3N-EPIC, MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Clinical Gerontology Unit, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Françoise Clavel-Chapelon
Françoise Clavel-Chapelon
Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Nutrition and Hormones Group, University of Sydney, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Andalusian School of Public Health, Public Health & Health Planning Directorate, Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Research, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Inserm E3N-EPIC, MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Clinical Gerontology Unit, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault
Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault
Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Nutrition and Hormones Group, University of Sydney, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Andalusian School of Public Health, Public Health & Health Planning Directorate, Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Research, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Inserm E3N-EPIC, MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Clinical Gerontology Unit, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Sheila Bingham
Sheila Bingham
Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Nutrition and Hormones Group, University of Sydney, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Andalusian School of Public Health, Public Health & Health Planning Directorate, Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Research, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Inserm E3N-EPIC, MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Clinical Gerontology Unit, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Kay-Tee Khaw
Kay-Tee Khaw
Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Nutrition and Hormones Group, University of Sydney, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Andalusian School of Public Health, Public Health & Health Planning Directorate, Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Research, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Inserm E3N-EPIC, MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Clinical Gerontology Unit, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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H Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
H Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Nutrition and Hormones Group, University of Sydney, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Andalusian School of Public Health, Public Health & Health Planning Directorate, Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Research, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Inserm E3N-EPIC, MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Clinical Gerontology Unit, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Antonia Trichopoulou
Antonia Trichopoulou
Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Nutrition and Hormones Group, University of Sydney, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Andalusian School of Public Health, Public Health & Health Planning Directorate, Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Research, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Inserm E3N-EPIC, MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Clinical Gerontology Unit, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Dimitiros Trichopoulos
Dimitiros Trichopoulos
Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Nutrition and Hormones Group, University of Sydney, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Andalusian School of Public Health, Public Health & Health Planning Directorate, Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Research, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Inserm E3N-EPIC, MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Clinical Gerontology Unit, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Androniki Naska
Androniki Naska
Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Nutrition and Hormones Group, University of Sydney, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Andalusian School of Public Health, Public Health & Health Planning Directorate, Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Research, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Inserm E3N-EPIC, MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Clinical Gerontology Unit, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Rosario Tumino
Rosario Tumino
Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Nutrition and Hormones Group, University of Sydney, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Andalusian School of Public Health, Public Health & Health Planning Directorate, Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Research, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Inserm E3N-EPIC, MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Clinical Gerontology Unit, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Elio Riboli
Elio Riboli
Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Nutrition and Hormones Group, University of Sydney, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Andalusian School of Public Health, Public Health & Health Planning Directorate, Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Research, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Inserm E3N-EPIC, MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Clinical Gerontology Unit, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Rudolf Kaaks
Rudolf Kaaks
Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Nutrition and Hormones Group, University of Sydney, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Department of Epidemiology, Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social, Andalusian School of Public Health, Public Health & Health Planning Directorate, Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Research, Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Inserm E3N-EPIC, MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Clinical Gerontology Unit, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Cancer Registry, Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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alterations in endogenous sex steroid metabolism ( Kaaks et al . 2002 ). The predominant hypothesis describing the relationship between sex steroid hormones and endometrial cancer risk is known as the ‘unopposed estrogen’ hypothesis ( Henderson et al . 1982
John P Wiebe
John P Wiebe
Department of Biology, Hormonal Regulatory Mechanisms Laboratory, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7
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tissue have regulatory functions with respect to breast cancer that may previously have been attributed to P. We first suggested ( Wiebe et al. 2000 ) that the P metabolites produced within breast tissues might be independently active hormones
M Bullock
M Bullock
Hormones and Cancer Group, Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, Pacific Highway Saint Leonards, Sydney, New South Wales 2065, Australia
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is a key feature of breast cancer cells transformed by oncogenic PI3K–AKT signaling ( Zhang et al . 2011 , Fig. 1 ). It is also becoming clear that aberrant FOXO activity promotes a number of characteristic features of hormone-independent breast
P L Jeffery
P L Jeffery
Ghrelin Research Group, Hormone-dependent Cancer Programme, School of Life Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, PO Box 2434, Brisbane 4001, Australia
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R E Murray
R E Murray
Ghrelin Research Group, Hormone-dependent Cancer Programme, School of Life Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, PO Box 2434, Brisbane 4001, Australia
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A H Yeh
A H Yeh
Ghrelin Research Group, Hormone-dependent Cancer Programme, School of Life Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, PO Box 2434, Brisbane 4001, Australia
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J F McNamara
J F McNamara
Ghrelin Research Group, Hormone-dependent Cancer Programme, School of Life Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, PO Box 2434, Brisbane 4001, Australia
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R P Duncan
R P Duncan
Ghrelin Research Group, Hormone-dependent Cancer Programme, School of Life Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, PO Box 2434, Brisbane 4001, Australia
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G D Francis
G D Francis
Ghrelin Research Group, Hormone-dependent Cancer Programme, School of Life Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, PO Box 2434, Brisbane 4001, Australia
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A C Herington
A C Herington
Ghrelin Research Group, Hormone-dependent Cancer Programme, School of Life Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, PO Box 2434, Brisbane 4001, Australia
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L K Chopin
L K Chopin
Ghrelin Research Group, Hormone-dependent Cancer Programme, School of Life Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, PO Box 2434, Brisbane 4001, Australia
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Introduction Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy in Western women ( Jemal et al. 2004 ) and is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity. Ovarian hormones and their receptors are essential for normal
Callum Livingstone
Callum Livingstone
Peptide Hormones Supraregional Assay Service (SAS), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Clinical Biochemistry Department, Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Trust, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XX, UK
Peptide Hormones Supraregional Assay Service (SAS), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Clinical Biochemistry Department, Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Trust, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XX, UK
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Peptide Hormones Supraregional Assay Service (SAS), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Clinical Biochemistry Department, Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Trust, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XX, UK
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hormones, including insulin and IGFs ( Kelley et al . 1996 ). GH stimulates hepatic IGFBP3 and ALS synthesis that, by increasing ternary complex formation, in turn increases total IGF2 concentrations ( Wolf et al . 1994 ). IGF2 is, therefore, in part GH
Cher M Dallal
Cher M Dallal
Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Department of Medicine, Group Health Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics Branch, Jewish General Hospital, Advanced Technology Program, Division of Cancer Etiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Suite 550, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, USA
Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Department of Medicine, Group Health Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics Branch, Jewish General Hospital, Advanced Technology Program, Division of Cancer Etiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Suite 550, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, USA
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Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Department of Medicine, Group Health Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics Branch, Jewish General Hospital, Advanced Technology Program, Division of Cancer Etiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Suite 550, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, USA
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Louise A Brinton
Louise A Brinton
Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Department of Medicine, Group Health Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics Branch, Jewish General Hospital, Advanced Technology Program, Division of Cancer Etiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Suite 550, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, USA
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Douglas C Bauer
Douglas C Bauer
Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Department of Medicine, Group Health Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics Branch, Jewish General Hospital, Advanced Technology Program, Division of Cancer Etiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Suite 550, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, USA
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Diana S M Buist
Diana S M Buist
Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Department of Medicine, Group Health Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics Branch, Jewish General Hospital, Advanced Technology Program, Division of Cancer Etiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Suite 550, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, USA
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Jane A Cauley
Jane A Cauley
Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Department of Medicine, Group Health Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics Branch, Jewish General Hospital, Advanced Technology Program, Division of Cancer Etiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Suite 550, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, USA
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Trisha F Hue
Trisha F Hue
Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Department of Medicine, Group Health Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics Branch, Jewish General Hospital, Advanced Technology Program, Division of Cancer Etiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Suite 550, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, USA
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Andrea LaCroix
Andrea LaCroix
Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Department of Medicine, Group Health Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics Branch, Jewish General Hospital, Advanced Technology Program, Division of Cancer Etiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Suite 550, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, USA
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Jeffrey A Tice
Jeffrey A Tice
Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Department of Medicine, Group Health Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics Branch, Jewish General Hospital, Advanced Technology Program, Division of Cancer Etiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Suite 550, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, USA
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Victoria M Chia
Victoria M Chia
Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Department of Medicine, Group Health Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics Branch, Jewish General Hospital, Advanced Technology Program, Division of Cancer Etiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Suite 550, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, USA
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Roni Falk
Roni Falk
Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Department of Medicine, Group Health Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics Branch, Jewish General Hospital, Advanced Technology Program, Division of Cancer Etiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Suite 550, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, USA
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Ruth Pfeiffer
Ruth Pfeiffer
Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Department of Medicine, Group Health Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics Branch, Jewish General Hospital, Advanced Technology Program, Division of Cancer Etiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Suite 550, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, USA
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Michael Pollak
Michael Pollak
Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Department of Medicine, Group Health Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics Branch, Jewish General Hospital, Advanced Technology Program, Division of Cancer Etiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Suite 550, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, USA
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Timothy D Veenstra
Timothy D Veenstra
Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Department of Medicine, Group Health Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics Branch, Jewish General Hospital, Advanced Technology Program, Division of Cancer Etiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Suite 550, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, USA
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Xia Xu
Xia Xu
Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Department of Medicine, Group Health Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics Branch, Jewish General Hospital, Advanced Technology Program, Division of Cancer Etiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Suite 550, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, USA
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James V Lacey Jr
James V Lacey Jr
Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Department of Medicine, Group Health Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics Branch, Jewish General Hospital, Advanced Technology Program, Division of Cancer Etiology, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Suite 550, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, USA
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for the B∼FIT Research Group
for the B∼FIT Research Group
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tissue ( Calle & Kaaks 2004 ) or through mechanisms involving insulin ( Lukanova et al . 2004 b ) or adipose-derived hormones ( van Kruijsdijk et al . 2009 ). Adipose tissue, an active endocrine organ, also produces and secretes several bioactive
Libero Santarpia
Libero Santarpia
Translational Research Unit, Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Oncology, Hospital of Prato and Istituto Toscana Tumori, Piazza dell' Ospedale, 59100 Prato, Italy Departments of
Translational Research Unit, Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Oncology, Hospital of Prato and Istituto Toscana Tumori, Piazza dell' Ospedale, 59100 Prato, Italy Departments of
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Translational Research Unit, Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Oncology, Hospital of Prato and Istituto Toscana Tumori, Piazza dell' Ospedale, 59100 Prato, Italy Departments of
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Milena Nicoloso
Milena Nicoloso
Translational Research Unit, Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Oncology, Hospital of Prato and Istituto Toscana Tumori, Piazza dell' Ospedale, 59100 Prato, Italy Departments of
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George A Calin
George A Calin
Translational Research Unit, Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Oncology, Hospital of Prato and Istituto Toscana Tumori, Piazza dell' Ospedale, 59100 Prato, Italy Departments of
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the VEGF, which is highly expressed in several tumors. VEGF is regulated at multiple levels (both transcriptional and translational) downstream of a wide range of stimuli, such as hypoxia, HIF1, growth factors, cytokines, and hormones ( Loureiro & D
Claudia Lanari
Claudia Lanari
Laboratory of Hormonal Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490 C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, CF, Argentina
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Caroline A Lamb
Caroline A Lamb
Laboratory of Hormonal Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490 C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, CF, Argentina
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Victoria T Fabris
Victoria T Fabris
Laboratory of Hormonal Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490 C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, CF, Argentina
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Luisa A Helguero
Luisa A Helguero
Laboratory of Hormonal Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490 C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, CF, Argentina
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Rocío Soldati
Rocío Soldati
Laboratory of Hormonal Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490 C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, CF, Argentina
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María Cecilia Bottino
María Cecilia Bottino
Laboratory of Hormonal Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490 C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, CF, Argentina
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Sebastián Giulianelli
Sebastián Giulianelli
Laboratory of Hormonal Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490 C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, CF, Argentina
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Juan Pablo Cerliani
Juan Pablo Cerliani
Laboratory of Hormonal Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490 C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, CF, Argentina
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Victoria Wargon
Victoria Wargon
Laboratory of Hormonal Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490 C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, CF, Argentina
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Alfredo Molinolo
Alfredo Molinolo
Laboratory of Hormonal Carcinogenesis, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490 C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, CF, Argentina
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. 1986 a , Kordon et al . 1994 ). The fact that progestins could induce mammary neoplasias was rather counter-intuitive, as the consensus at that time (and for many years to come) was that, estrogens were the proliferative/carcinogenic hormones, whereas
Lars C Moeller
Lars C Moeller
Division of Laboratory Research, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45127 Essen, Germany
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Dagmar Führer
Dagmar Führer
Division of Laboratory Research, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45127 Essen, Germany
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Introduction The thyroid hormones (THs) thyroxine (T 4 ) and triiodothyronine (T 3 ) are mostly recognized for their roles in normal growth, development, and metabolism, especially during fetal development and early childhood. In adults, the
