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Kristen Wong Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA

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Francesca Di Cristofano Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA

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Michela Ranieri Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA

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Daniela De Martino Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA

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Antonio Di Cristofano Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA

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. Drug treatments and cell proliferation assay The CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib was provided by Pfizer and prepared in 50 mM lactate. The PI3K/mTOR inhibitor, omipalisib, and the MEK inhibitor, trametinib, were purchased from Selleck Chemicals (Houston

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-19-0011
Volume/Issue:
Volume 26: Issue 4
Free access
Rhonda L Bitting Divisions of Medical Oncology and Urology, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, DUMC Box 102002, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA

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Andrew J Armstrong Divisions of Medical Oncology and Urology, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, DUMC Box 102002, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA

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with metastatic CRPC, the survival rate of patients with metastatic CRPC remains poor and additional therapeutic approaches are needed. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is a key oncogenic

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-12-0394
Volume/Issue:
Volume 20: Issue 3
Free access
Lidong Wang Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China

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Hao Tan Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China

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Yonglian Huang Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China

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Mingyue Guo Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China

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Yanxu Dong Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China

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Chenxi Liu Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China

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Huai Zhao Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China

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Zhen Liu Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China

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( Table 2 ). Table 2 Primary antibodies used in this study. Proteins Primary antibodies Details TAGLN2 Rabbit polyclonal anti-TAGLN2 antibody 1:1000, 10234-2-AP, Proteintech t-PI3K Mouse monoclonal anti-PI3K p85

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-21-0352
Volume/Issue:
Volume 30: Issue 1
Restricted access
Shahab Uddin Human Cancer Genomic Research, Pathology, Departments of

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Prashant Bavi Human Cancer Genomic Research, Pathology, Departments of

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Abdul K Siraj Human Cancer Genomic Research, Pathology, Departments of

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Maqbool Ahmed Human Cancer Genomic Research, Pathology, Departments of

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Maha Al-Rasheed Human Cancer Genomic Research, Pathology, Departments of

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Azhar R Hussain Human Cancer Genomic Research, Pathology, Departments of

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Mohammed Ahmed Human Cancer Genomic Research, Pathology, Departments of

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Tarek Amin Human Cancer Genomic Research, Pathology, Departments of

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Ali Alzahrani Human Cancer Genomic Research, Pathology, Departments of

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Fouad Al-Dayel Human Cancer Genomic Research, Pathology, Departments of

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Jehad Abubaker Human Cancer Genomic Research, Pathology, Departments of

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Rong Bu Human Cancer Genomic Research, Pathology, Departments of

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Khawla S Al-Kuraya Human Cancer Genomic Research, Pathology, Departments of

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transduced by Janus activated kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and phosphatidylinisitol-3′-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathways ( Hegyi et al . 2004 ). Previously, we have shown that

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/ERC-09-0153
Volume/Issue:
Volume 17: Issue 1
Free access
Misu Lee Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany

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Ninelia Minaskan Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany

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Tobias Wiedemann Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany

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Martin Irmler Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany

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Johannes Beckers Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
Technische Universität München, Chair of Experimental Genetics, Freising, Germany

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Behrooz H Yousefi Department of Pharmaceutical Radiochemistry, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany

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Georgios Kaissis Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany

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Rickmer Braren Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany

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Iina Laitinen Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany

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Natalia S Pellegata Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany

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( Eisenhofer et al. 2011 ). Activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway plays a pivotal role in the initiation and progression of many human malignancies by enhancing cell survival, stimulating cell proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis ( Cantrell 2001

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-16-0324
Volume/Issue:
Volume 24: Issue 1
Free access
Meng Ji Department of General Surgery (Department of Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery), Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China

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Yanli Yao Glycochemistry & Glycobiology Lab, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai, China
University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

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Anan Liu Department of General Surgery (Department of Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery), Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China

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Ligang Shi Department of General Surgery (Department of Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery), Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China

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Danlei Chen Department of General Surgery (Department of Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery), Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China

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Liang Tang Department of General Surgery (Department of Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery), Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China

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Guang Yang Department of General Surgery (Department of Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery), Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China

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Xing Liang Department of General Surgery (Department of Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery), Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China

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Junfeng Peng Department of General Surgery (Department of Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery), Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China

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Chenghao Shao Department of General Surgery (Department of Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery), Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China

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overexpressed in pNEN tissues and was positively correlated with H19 expression to promote cancer progression. Moreover, higher VGF expression was markedly related to poor differentiation and advanced stage. RNA sequence analysis revealed that H19 activates PI3K

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-18-0552
Volume/Issue:
Volume 26: Issue 7
Free access
Teresa Gagliano Section of Endocrinology, Laboratorio in Rete del Tecnopolo ‘Tecnologie delle Terapie Avanzate’ (LTTA), Department of Cardiological, Department of Morphology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, Italy

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Mariaenrica Bellio Section of Endocrinology, Laboratorio in Rete del Tecnopolo ‘Tecnologie delle Terapie Avanzate’ (LTTA), Department of Cardiological, Department of Morphology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, Italy

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Erica Gentilin Section of Endocrinology, Laboratorio in Rete del Tecnopolo ‘Tecnologie delle Terapie Avanzate’ (LTTA), Department of Cardiological, Department of Morphology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
Section of Endocrinology, Laboratorio in Rete del Tecnopolo ‘Tecnologie delle Terapie Avanzate’ (LTTA), Department of Cardiological, Department of Morphology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, Italy

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Daniela Molè Section of Endocrinology, Laboratorio in Rete del Tecnopolo ‘Tecnologie delle Terapie Avanzate’ (LTTA), Department of Cardiological, Department of Morphology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, Italy

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Federico Tagliati Section of Endocrinology, Laboratorio in Rete del Tecnopolo ‘Tecnologie delle Terapie Avanzate’ (LTTA), Department of Cardiological, Department of Morphology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, Italy

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Marco Schiavon Section of Endocrinology, Laboratorio in Rete del Tecnopolo ‘Tecnologie delle Terapie Avanzate’ (LTTA), Department of Cardiological, Department of Morphology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, Italy

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Narciso Giorgio Cavallesco Section of Endocrinology, Laboratorio in Rete del Tecnopolo ‘Tecnologie delle Terapie Avanzate’ (LTTA), Department of Cardiological, Department of Morphology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, Italy

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Luigi Gaetano Andriolo Section of Endocrinology, Laboratorio in Rete del Tecnopolo ‘Tecnologie delle Terapie Avanzate’ (LTTA), Department of Cardiological, Department of Morphology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, Italy

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Maria Rosaria Ambrosio Section of Endocrinology, Laboratorio in Rete del Tecnopolo ‘Tecnologie delle Terapie Avanzate’ (LTTA), Department of Cardiological, Department of Morphology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, Italy

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Federico Rea Section of Endocrinology, Laboratorio in Rete del Tecnopolo ‘Tecnologie delle Terapie Avanzate’ (LTTA), Department of Cardiological, Department of Morphology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, Italy

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Ettore degli Uberti Section of Endocrinology, Laboratorio in Rete del Tecnopolo ‘Tecnologie delle Terapie Avanzate’ (LTTA), Department of Cardiological, Department of Morphology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
Section of Endocrinology, Laboratorio in Rete del Tecnopolo ‘Tecnologie delle Terapie Avanzate’ (LTTA), Department of Cardiological, Department of Morphology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, Italy

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Maria Chiara Zatelli Section of Endocrinology, Laboratorio in Rete del Tecnopolo ‘Tecnologie delle Terapie Avanzate’ (LTTA), Department of Cardiological, Department of Morphology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
Section of Endocrinology, Laboratorio in Rete del Tecnopolo ‘Tecnologie delle Terapie Avanzate’ (LTTA), Department of Cardiological, Department of Morphology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Savonarola 9, 44121 Ferrara, Italy

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-BEZ235. The latter is an imidazo (4,5-c)quinoline derivative that inhibits both phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and mTOR activities, inducing G1 arrest in cell-cycle progression ( Maira et al . 2008 ). It has been demonstrated previously that NVP

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-13-0042
Volume/Issue:
Volume 20: Issue 4
Free access
Vanida A Serna Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA

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Xin Wu Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA

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Wenan Qiang Center for Developmental Therapeutics, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
Division of Reproductive Science in Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA

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Justin Thomas Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA

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Michael L Blumenfeld Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA

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Takeshi Kurita Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA

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-significant; * P  < 0.1; ** P  < 0.05; and *** P  < 0.01. NH, no hormone; PDX, patient-derived xenograft; SMC, smooth muscle cells. A full color version of this figure is available at https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-18-0184 . Regulation of MAPK and PI3K

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-18-0184
Volume/Issue:
Volume 25: Issue 7
Free access
S C Drury Translational Research, Academic Biochemistry, Royal Marsden Hospital, Molecular Pathology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Breast Unit, The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, London, UK
Translational Research, Academic Biochemistry, Royal Marsden Hospital, Molecular Pathology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Breast Unit, The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, London, UK

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S Detre Translational Research, Academic Biochemistry, Royal Marsden Hospital, Molecular Pathology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Breast Unit, The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, London, UK

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A Leary Translational Research, Academic Biochemistry, Royal Marsden Hospital, Molecular Pathology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Breast Unit, The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, London, UK

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J Salter Translational Research, Academic Biochemistry, Royal Marsden Hospital, Molecular Pathology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Breast Unit, The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, London, UK
Translational Research, Academic Biochemistry, Royal Marsden Hospital, Molecular Pathology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Breast Unit, The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, London, UK

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J Reis-Filho Translational Research, Academic Biochemistry, Royal Marsden Hospital, Molecular Pathology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Breast Unit, The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, London, UK

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V Barbashina Translational Research, Academic Biochemistry, Royal Marsden Hospital, Molecular Pathology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Breast Unit, The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, London, UK

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C Marchio Translational Research, Academic Biochemistry, Royal Marsden Hospital, Molecular Pathology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Breast Unit, The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, London, UK

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E Lopez-Knowles Translational Research, Academic Biochemistry, Royal Marsden Hospital, Molecular Pathology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Breast Unit, The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, London, UK

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Z Ghazoui Translational Research, Academic Biochemistry, Royal Marsden Hospital, Molecular Pathology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Breast Unit, The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, London, UK

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K Habben Translational Research, Academic Biochemistry, Royal Marsden Hospital, Molecular Pathology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Breast Unit, The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, London, UK

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S Arbogast Translational Research, Academic Biochemistry, Royal Marsden Hospital, Molecular Pathology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Breast Unit, The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, London, UK

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S Johnston Translational Research, Academic Biochemistry, Royal Marsden Hospital, Molecular Pathology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Breast Unit, The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, London, UK

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M Dowsett Translational Research, Academic Biochemistry, Royal Marsden Hospital, Molecular Pathology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Breast Unit, The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, London, UK
Translational Research, Academic Biochemistry, Royal Marsden Hospital, Molecular Pathology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Breast Unit, The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, London, UK

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-IGF1R phosphorylating IRS1, IRS2 and Shc, activating transduction pathways such as PI3K and Ras/Raf/MAPK ( Riedemann & Macaulay 2006 ). In addition, IGF1R physically associates with ERα and this leads to activation of IGF1R and the downstream ERK1

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-10-0046
Volume/Issue:
Volume 18: Issue 5
Free access
D Dworakowska Barts and the London School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Internal Medicine, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Centre for Endocrinology, London, UK
Barts and the London School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Internal Medicine, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Centre for Endocrinology, London, UK

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E Wlodek Barts and the London School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Internal Medicine, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Centre for Endocrinology, London, UK

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C A Leontiou Barts and the London School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Internal Medicine, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Centre for Endocrinology, London, UK

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S Igreja Barts and the London School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Internal Medicine, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Centre for Endocrinology, London, UK

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M Cakir Barts and the London School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Internal Medicine, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Centre for Endocrinology, London, UK
Barts and the London School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Internal Medicine, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Centre for Endocrinology, London, UK

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M Teng Barts and the London School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Internal Medicine, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Centre for Endocrinology, London, UK

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N Prodromou Barts and the London School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Internal Medicine, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Centre for Endocrinology, London, UK

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M I Góth Barts and the London School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Internal Medicine, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Centre for Endocrinology, London, UK

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S Grozinsky-Glasberg Barts and the London School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Internal Medicine, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Centre for Endocrinology, London, UK
Barts and the London School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Internal Medicine, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Centre for Endocrinology, London, UK

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M Gueorguiev Barts and the London School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Internal Medicine, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Centre for Endocrinology, London, UK

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B Kola Barts and the London School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Internal Medicine, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Centre for Endocrinology, London, UK

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M Korbonits Barts and the London School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Internal Medicine, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Centre for Endocrinology, London, UK

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A B Grossman Barts and the London School of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Internal Medicine, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Centre for Endocrinology, London, UK

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identified ( Dworakowska & Grossman 2009 b ). Two major signalling pathways responsible for regulating cell growth and proliferation, downstream of growth factor receptors, are the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt and Raf/mitogen-activated protein

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1677/ERC-09-0101
Volume/Issue:
Volume 16: Issue 4
Free access