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Université de Paris, Paris, France
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Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sorbonne University, Pitie-Salpetriere Hospital, Paris, France
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Université de Paris, Paris, France
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encoding the succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) complex are the most prevalent, occurring in SDHA, SDHB , SDHC, SDHD or SDHAF2 genes. Tumors carrying such mutations are classified in the pseudo-hypoxic expression cluster 1, together with tumors carrying
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surgery. About 25% of PGL cases are hereditary, and most hereditary PGLs are linked to pathogenic variants in nuclear genes encoding the four subunits of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle enzyme succinate dehydrogenase (SDH; also complex II of the
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Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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paragangliomas (PCPGs) are hereditary, and germline mutations of at least 17 functionally diverse genes can lead to their development ( Dahia 2017 ). Mutations of genes encoding subunits of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) account for the largest number of familial
Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Endocrinology, Department of Surgery, Department of Anatomical Pathology, Cancer Diagnosis and Oncology Group, Department of Endocrine and Oncology Surgery, Neurogenetics Research Laboratory, Department of ENT Surgery, Department of Neurology, Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research
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Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Endocrinology, Department of Surgery, Department of Anatomical Pathology, Cancer Diagnosis and Oncology Group, Department of Endocrine and Oncology Surgery, Neurogenetics Research Laboratory, Department of ENT Surgery, Department of Neurology, Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research
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Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Endocrinology, Department of Surgery, Department of Anatomical Pathology, Cancer Diagnosis and Oncology Group, Department of Endocrine and Oncology Surgery, Neurogenetics Research Laboratory, Department of ENT Surgery, Department of Neurology, Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research
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Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Endocrinology, Department of Surgery, Department of Anatomical Pathology, Cancer Diagnosis and Oncology Group, Department of Endocrine and Oncology Surgery, Neurogenetics Research Laboratory, Department of ENT Surgery, Department of Neurology, Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research
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Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Endocrinology, Department of Surgery, Department of Anatomical Pathology, Cancer Diagnosis and Oncology Group, Department of Endocrine and Oncology Surgery, Neurogenetics Research Laboratory, Department of ENT Surgery, Department of Neurology, Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research
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Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Endocrinology, Department of Surgery, Department of Anatomical Pathology, Cancer Diagnosis and Oncology Group, Department of Endocrine and Oncology Surgery, Neurogenetics Research Laboratory, Department of ENT Surgery, Department of Neurology, Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research
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Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Endocrinology, Department of Surgery, Department of Anatomical Pathology, Cancer Diagnosis and Oncology Group, Department of Endocrine and Oncology Surgery, Neurogenetics Research Laboratory, Department of ENT Surgery, Department of Neurology, Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research
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Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Department of Endocrinology, Department of Surgery, Department of Anatomical Pathology, Cancer Diagnosis and Oncology Group, Department of Endocrine and Oncology Surgery, Neurogenetics Research Laboratory, Department of ENT Surgery, Department of Neurology, Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, Kolling Institute of Medical Research
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succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) subunits A, B, C and D ( SDHA, SDHB, SDHC, SDHD ; collectively SDHx ), but also in VHL, RET ( Buffet et al . 2012 ), TMEM127 ( Qin et al . 2010 ), MAX ( Comino-Mendez et al . 2011 ), SDHAF2 ( Bayley et al . 2010
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Section on Endocrinology and Genetics (SEGEN), Department of Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laboratory of Pathology, Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology (SMN), Section of Immunopathology and Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institut Paoli‐Calmettes, Emeritus Staff Center, Program on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics (PDEGEN), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Building 10, CRC, Room 1‐3330, 10 Center Drive, MSC1103, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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Section on Endocrinology and Genetics (SEGEN), Department of Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laboratory of Pathology, Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology (SMN), Section of Immunopathology and Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institut Paoli‐Calmettes, Emeritus Staff Center, Program on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics (PDEGEN), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Building 10, CRC, Room 1‐3330, 10 Center Drive, MSC1103, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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Section on Endocrinology and Genetics (SEGEN), Department of Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laboratory of Pathology, Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology (SMN), Section of Immunopathology and Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institut Paoli‐Calmettes, Emeritus Staff Center, Program on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics (PDEGEN), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Building 10, CRC, Room 1‐3330, 10 Center Drive, MSC1103, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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Section on Endocrinology and Genetics (SEGEN), Department of Biophysics and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laboratory of Pathology, Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology (SMN), Section of Immunopathology and Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institut Paoli‐Calmettes, Emeritus Staff Center, Program on Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics (PDEGEN), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Building 10, CRC, Room 1‐3330, 10 Center Drive, MSC1103, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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and more than half of the tumors seen in pediatric patients ( Hirota et al . 1998 , Heinrich et al . 2003 , Lasota & Miettinen 2008 , Doyle et al . 2012 ). Recently, we identified succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) deficiency, which activates
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Introduction SDH-deficient gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are rare but sometimes lethal tumors that can occur in patients with paraganglioma (PGL) syndromes. These tumors do not harbor the KIT or PDGFRA mutations typical of
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/PGL-predisposing genes Succinate dehydrogenase The succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) complex consists of four subunits A, B, C and D. The hydrophilic A and B subunits form the catalytic core of the enzyme and contain the substrate binding site for succinate whilst the
Regional Centre for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast Health & Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK
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coincidental. Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) gene variants (collectively known as SDHx ) can associate with PPGL ( Baysal et al. 2000 ). The association of PitNET and PPGL in the setting of SDHx variant was established at the molecular level in 2012
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Endocrinology Unit, Endocrinology Unit, Vascular Surgery Unit, Chirurgia Generale, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Department of Clinical Pathophysiology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
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includes the genes encoding the four subunits of the succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), enzyme involved in the tricarboxylic acid cycle ( Baysal et al . 2000 , Niemann & Müller 2000 , Astuti et al . 2001 , Burnichon et al . 2010 ) and in the mitochondrial
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dehydrogenase D ( SDHD ; PGL1 locus) and subsequently, SDHD mutations were also demonstrated to be associated with sporadic and familial pheochromocytoma ( Gimm et al . 2000 , Astuti et al . 2001 a ). SDHD encodes the D subunit of the SDH