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Alexa Childs Department of Oncology, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK

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Amy Kirkwood Cancer Research UK & UCL Cancer Trials Centre, London, UK

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Julien Edeline UCL Cancer Institute, UCL, London, UK

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Tu Vinh Luong Department of Pathology, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK

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Jennifer Watkins Department of Pathology, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK

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Angela Lamarca Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester/The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK

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Doraid Alrifai King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK

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Phyllis Nsiah-Sarbeng Department of Radiology, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK

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Roopinder Gillmore Department of Oncology, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK

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Astrid Mayer Department of Oncology, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK

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Christina Thirlwell Department of Oncology, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
UCL Cancer Institute, UCL, London, UK

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Debashis Sarker King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK

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Juan W Valle Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester/The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK

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Tim Meyer Department of Oncology, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
UCL Cancer Institute, UCL, London, UK

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). Cytotoxic chemotherapy is the standard of care for poorly differentiated, high-grade tumours, but the overall prognosis is poor despite its use. Additionally, streptozocin-based chemotherapy has an established role in the management of PNET based on the

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-16-0099
Volume/Issue:
Volume 23: Issue 7
Free access
Yong-Zi Chen Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China

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Youngchul Kim Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA

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Hatem H Soliman Department of Women’s Oncology and Experimental Therapeutics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA

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GuoGuang Ying Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China

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Jae K Lee Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA

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ER− breast cancer patients are excluded from hormonal and targeted therapies that are effectively used for other subtypes of breast cancer, neoadjvant chemotherapy is widely used in the management of ER− breast cancer in order to decrease tumor size

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-17-0495
Volume/Issue:
Volume 25: Issue 6
Open access
Ana Albero Department of Oncology, Andalusian Agency for Health Technology Assessment (AETSA), Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital ‘Virgen Macarena’, Seville, Spain

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Juliana Ester Lopéz Department of Oncology, Andalusian Agency for Health Technology Assessment (AETSA), Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital ‘Virgen Macarena’, Seville, Spain

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Alberto Torres Department of Oncology, Andalusian Agency for Health Technology Assessment (AETSA), Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital ‘Virgen Macarena’, Seville, Spain

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Luis de la Cruz Department of Oncology, Andalusian Agency for Health Technology Assessment (AETSA), Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital ‘Virgen Macarena’, Seville, Spain

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Tomas Martín Department of Oncology, Andalusian Agency for Health Technology Assessment (AETSA), Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital ‘Virgen Macarena’, Seville, Spain

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. 2009 ). Differentiated thyroid carcinoma refractory to radiodine (CDT-RTI) is not considered to be responsive to chemotherapy generally, although for decades this has been considered to be the only systemic treatment with a palliative purpose. Several

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-15-0194
Volume/Issue:
Volume 23: Issue 2
Free access
Jue Shi Department of Physics and Department of Biology, Center for Quantitative Systems Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China

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Timothy J Mitchison Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

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( Rowinsky 1997 , Crown et al . 2004 , Jordan & Wilson 2004 , Canta et al . 2009 , Rebucci & Michiels 2013 ). In a large effort to improve anti-mitotic chemotherapy, inhibitors of more mitotic spindle-specific proteins, such as motor proteins (e

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-17-0003
Volume/Issue:
Volume 24: Issue 9
Free access
Souren Mkrtchian Section of Pharmacogenetics, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden

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-apoptotic branch of UPR? Tinkering with UPR in order to boost the efficacy of chemotherapy is a nice proof of concept; however, practical implementation would require development of the fine-tuned drugs that could activate specific UPR pathway(s) with high

Article Type:
Article Commentary
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-15-0106
Volume/Issue:
Volume 22: Issue 3
Free access
Kellen Cristine Tjioe Psychoneuroimmunology Laboratory, Psychosomatic Research Center, Oral Oncology Center, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil

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Diovana Melo Cardoso Psychoneuroimmunology Laboratory, Psychosomatic Research Center, Oral Oncology Center, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil

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Sandra Helena Penha Oliveira Psychoneuroimmunology Laboratory, Psychosomatic Research Center, Oral Oncology Center, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil

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Daniel Galera Bernabé Psychoneuroimmunology Laboratory, Psychosomatic Research Center, Oral Oncology Center, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil

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progression, solid evidence has supported that NE is also capable of interfering in the treatment efficacy of different types of cancer ( MacDonald et al. 2019 ). NE and/or E may induce the resistance to chemotherapy of breast ( Su et al. 2005 , Flint et

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-20-0460
Volume/Issue:
Volume 29: Issue 4
Restricted access
Wei Wei Baylor College of Medicine, Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Radiology, Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Houston, Texas, USA
Baylor College of Medicine, Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Radiology, Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Houston, Texas, USA

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Michael T Lewis Baylor College of Medicine, Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Radiology, Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Houston, Texas, USA
Baylor College of Medicine, Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Radiology, Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Houston, Texas, USA
Baylor College of Medicine, Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Radiology, Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Houston, Texas, USA

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chemotherapy along with surgery. Unfortunately, not all patients who receive chemotherapy show clinical benefit, and side effects can be significant. In the case of disease recurrence, the recurrent cancer can be refractory to the original treatment. Breast

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-14-0447
Volume/Issue:
Volume 22: Issue 3
Free access
Tania Moujaber Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Westmead Hospital, Western Sydney Local Health District, New South Wales, Australia
Blacktown Cancer and Haematology Centre, Blacktown Hospital, Western Sydney Local Health District, New South Wales, Australia

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Rosemary L Balleine Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Children’s Medical Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

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Bo Gao Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Westmead Hospital, Western Sydney Local Health District, New South Wales, Australia
Blacktown Cancer and Haematology Centre, Blacktown Hospital, Western Sydney Local Health District, New South Wales, Australia

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Ida Madsen Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Western Sydney Local Health District, New South Wales, Australia

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Paul R Harnett Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Westmead Hospital, Western Sydney Local Health District, New South Wales, Australia

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Anna DeFazio Centre for Cancer Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Westmead Hospital, Western Sydney Local Health District, New South Wales, Australia
The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

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’ staining, high expression of ER and PR p53 ‘overexpressed’ or completely absent, high expression of Ki-67 Clinical Younger (median 43–57 years) Older (median ~62 years) Less responsive to chemotherapy (4%) Responsive to chemotherapy (50

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-21-0191
Volume/Issue:
Volume 29: Issue 1
Free access
M Heetfeld
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C N Chougnet Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Department of Medical Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Gastroenterology, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany

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I H Olsen Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Department of Medical Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Gastroenterology, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany

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A Rinke Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Department of Medical Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Gastroenterology, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany

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I Borbath Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Department of Medical Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Gastroenterology, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany

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G Crespo Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Department of Medical Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Gastroenterology, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany

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J Barriuso Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Department of Medical Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Gastroenterology, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany

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M Pavel
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D O'Toole Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Department of Medical Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Gastroenterology, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany

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T Walter Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Department of Medical Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Gastroenterology, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité University Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany

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other Knowledge Network members
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without treatment and up to 6–19 months in patients receiving the standard first-line, platinum-etoposide chemotherapy. In the course of the disease, almost all NEC show resistance to first-line chemotherapy. However, second-line treatment is not codified

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-15-0119
Volume/Issue:
Volume 22: Issue 4
Free access
S G Creemers Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands

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P M van Koetsveld Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands

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W W De Herder Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands

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F Dogan Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands

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G J H Franssen Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands

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R A Feelders Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands

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L J Hofland Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands

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was still only 14.8 months, but is now considered the treatment of choice ( Fassnacht et al. 2012 ). These data suggest that the resistance to chemotherapy is still a major impediment of successful systemic treatment of ACC patients. The limited

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-18-0500
Volume/Issue:
Volume 26: Issue 3
Free access