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Amanda Schech Department of Pharmacology, Division of Biostatistics, Department of Medicine and Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

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Stephen Yu Department of Pharmacology, Division of Biostatistics, Department of Medicine and Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

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Olga Goloubeva Department of Pharmacology, Division of Biostatistics, Department of Medicine and Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

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John McLenithan Department of Pharmacology, Division of Biostatistics, Department of Medicine and Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

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Gauri Sabnis Department of Pharmacology, Division of Biostatistics, Department of Medicine and Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

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used for in vitro studies at passage number <20. Nude mouse model of diet-induced obesity All animal studies were performed according to the guidelines and approval of the Animal Care and Use Committee of the University of Maryland, Baltimore. Female

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Leticia M Nogueira Institute of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
Institute of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA

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Sarah M Dunlap Institute of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA

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Nikki A Ford Institute of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA

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Stephen D Hursting Institute of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
Institute of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
Institute of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA

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mice ( n =105) were administered a diet-induced obesity (DIO) regimen consisting of ad libitum access to a 60 kcal % fat diet (D12492; Research Diets, Inc., New Brunswick, NJ, USA) for 8 weeks. Mice were then randomized to receive a control diet ( n

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Raquel Santana da Cruz Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA

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Johan Clarke Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA

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Ana Cristina P Curi Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA

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Aseel Al-Yawar Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA

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Lu Jin Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA

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Ali Baird Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA

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M Idalia Cruz Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA

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Bhaskar Kallakury Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA

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Sonia de Assis Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA

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dysfunction being observed in offspring for both maternal and paternal obesity ( Jimenez-Chillaron et al . 2009 , McPherson et al . 2015 , Huypens et al . 2016 ). Here, we evaluated the impact of diet-induced parental obesity in the susceptibility of

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Srilatha Swami Department of Medicine-Endocrinology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA

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Aruna V Krishnan Department of Pediatrics-Endocrinology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA

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Jasmaine Williams Department of Pediatrics-Endocrinology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
Cancer Biology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA

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Abhishek Aggarwal Department of Pediatrics-Endocrinology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA

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Megan A Albertelli Department of Comparative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA

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Ronald L Horst Heartland Assays Inc, Ames, IA, USA

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Brian J Feldman Department of Pediatrics-Endocrinology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
Cancer Biology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA

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David Feldman Department of Medicine-Endocrinology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA

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have examined the ability of calcitriol and dietary vitamin D supplementation to alter the growth of mouse mammary tumor virus Mmtv-Wnt1 in an ovariectomized (OVX), diet-induced obesity (DIO) model and compared the effects in obese mice to lean mice

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Denise K Reaves Department of Biology, National Cancer Institute, Department of Biology, North Carolina Central University, MTSC Room 2247, 1801 Fayetteville Street, Durham, North Carolina 27707, USA

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Erika Ginsburg Department of Biology, National Cancer Institute, Department of Biology, North Carolina Central University, MTSC Room 2247, 1801 Fayetteville Street, Durham, North Carolina 27707, USA

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John J Bang Department of Biology, National Cancer Institute, Department of Biology, North Carolina Central University, MTSC Room 2247, 1801 Fayetteville Street, Durham, North Carolina 27707, USA

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Jodie M Fleming Department of Biology, National Cancer Institute, Department of Biology, North Carolina Central University, MTSC Room 2247, 1801 Fayetteville Street, Durham, North Carolina 27707, USA

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, fetal exposure to high-fat diet, high birth weight, and postnatal exposure to high-fat diets during lactation have each been shown to increase breast cancer susceptibility and development in adults in carcinogen-induced rat model studies ( Hilakivi

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Jeong Won Park Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 37 Convent Dr, Room 5128, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-6264, USA

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Cho Rong Han Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 37 Convent Dr, Room 5128, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-6264, USA

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Li Zhao Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 37 Convent Dr, Room 5128, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-6264, USA

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Mark C Willingham Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 37 Convent Dr, Room 5128, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-6264, USA

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Sheue-yann Cheng Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 37 Convent Dr, Room 5128, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-6264, USA

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increases survival in HFD-induced obese Thrb PV/PV Pten +/− mice Previously, we reported that the diet-induced obesity in Thrb PV/PV Pten +/− mice promoted thyroid carcinogenesis by reducing survival rate, increasing tumor growth and advancing tumor

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Allison Sumis Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA

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Katherine L Cook Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
Department of Surgery, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA

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Fabia O Andrade Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

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Rong Hu Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA

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Emma Kidney Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA

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Xiyuan Zhang Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA

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Dominic Kim Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA

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Elissa Carney Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA

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Nguyen Nguyen Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA

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Wei Yu Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA

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Kerrie B Bouker Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA

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Idalia Cruz Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA

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Robert Clarke Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA

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Leena Hilakivi-Clarke Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA

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and followed the National Institute of Health guidelines for the proper and humane use of animals in biomedical research. Social isolation and obesity-inducing high-fat diet At weaning on postnatal day 21, C57BL/6 mice were either group

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Xiyuan Zhang
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Fabia de Oliveira Andrade
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Hansheng Zhang
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Idalia Cruz
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Robert Clarke Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA

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Pankaj Gaur Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA

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Vivek Verma Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA

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Leena Hilakivi-Clarke Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA

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risk among daughters ( Michels et al. 1996 , Silva et al. 2008 ). In a preclinical model, we earlier showed that maternal intake of an obesity-inducing high-fat diet (HFD) increased pregnancy weight gain, caused high birth weight, and increased

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Sunmi Park Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

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Mark C Willingham Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

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Jun Qi Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

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Sheue-Yann Cheng Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

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studies ( Guigon et al . 2009 , 2010 ). Using Thrb PV/PV Pten +/ − mice, Kim et al . found that diet-induced obesity increases tumor growth and promotes anaplastic transformation in thyroid cancer ( Kim et al . 2013 b ). Further

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Grant D Foglesong Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA

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Nicholas J Queen Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA

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Wei Huang Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA

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Kyle J Widstrom Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA

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Lei Cao Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA

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( Guy et al. 1992 , Lin et al. 2003 , Juncker-Jensen et al. 2009 ). Moreover, we carried this transgene on the C57BL/6 background, because they are more prone to diet-induced obesity (DIO) when fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and have longer tumor

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