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1991 ). However, one growth factor receptor, insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R), has a convoluted history as a target for cancer therapy. Previously, IGF1R was considered a promising candidate for drug targeting due to its frequent
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other FDA-approved therapies. Table 1 IGF1R-directed therapy clinical trials/studies for breast cancer and solid tumors. Phase 1, 2 and 3 clinical trials/studies using insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF1R)-directed therapies either as single
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Introduction The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system comprises two ligands (IGF-1 and IGF-2) as well as the closely related hormone insulin, six binding proteins (IGFBP1-6), three receptors (type I and type II IGF and the insulin receptors) and
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Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA
Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA
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growth hormone (GH) and the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) axis. Massive amount of research over the last 70 years have established that GH and IGF1 have both overlapping and mutually exclusive roles in driving multiple aspects of cancer initiation
Peptide Hormones Supraregional Assay Service (SAS), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Clinical Biochemistry Department, Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Trust, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XX, UK
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( Rinderknecht & Humbel 1976 ). These were named insulin-like growth factor (IGF) 1 and 2 because of their homology with insulin and similar metabolic actions. Our understanding of the pathophysiology of IGF2 lags behind that of IGF1, but there have been
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factor receptor (EGFR) and the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling system, which play a pivotal role in cancer development and progression. EGFR activation promotes cell proliferation via MAPK and PI3K signaling routes, and indications for a role
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patients. There is a large body of evidence suggesting that the growth hormone–insulin-like growth factor 1 (GH–IGF-1) axis is involved in the development of a variety of solid cancers, including PCa ( Pollak 2012 ). Preclinical data has shown that IGF-1
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Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Laboratory of Cytometry, Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Optometry, University of Yaoundé 1, PO Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
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epidermal growth factor . Cancer Research 54 5474 – 5478 . Darago A Sapota A Matych J Nasiadek M Skrzypinska-Gawrysiak M Kilanowicz A 2011 The correlation between zinc and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), its binding protein (IGFBP
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Introduction Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) is a peptide hormone that, with IGF-II, IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs), and cell-surface receptors, is integral to the regulation of cell survival and death. IGF-I appears to be
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Yoran Institute for Human Genome Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Yoran Institute for Human Genome Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Introduction The growth hormone (GH)–insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) axis has a fundamental role in growth and development throughout life ( Rosenfeld 2005 ). As originally postulated by Salmon et al . in the mid-1950s, anabolic actions