mutated (total mutated samples/total samples tested) for that particular tumor type. RAS mutations have also been detected in medullary thyroid carcinomas (MTCs), and this subject will be further discussed in section ‘ RAS mutations in MTC
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Margarida M Moura, Branca M Cavaco, and Valeriano Leite
Pierpaolo Trimboli, Ettore Seregni, Giorgio Treglia, Maria Alevizaki, and Luca Giovanella
Introduction Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a malignancy that originates from thyroid parafollicular C cells and accounts for about 5% of thyroid cancers ( Kloos et al . 2009 ). In the majority of cases (i.e., four out of every five), this
Lucieli Ceolin, Marta Amaro da Silveira Duval, Antônio Felippe Benini, Carla Vaz Ferreira, and Ana Luiza Maia
Introduction Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a malignant tumor originating in parafollicular or C cells of the thyroid. The main secretory product of MTC is calcitonin, a specific and highly sensitive biomarker that is produced by normal
Anna Angelousi, Aimee R Hayes, Eleftherios Chatzellis, Gregory A Kaltsas, and Ashley B Grossman
Introduction Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a malignant neuroendocrine tumour originating from the parafollicular or C-cells of the thyroid, capable of secreting calcitonin and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) ( Ceolin et al. 2019 ). It
Libero Santarpia, George A Calin, Liana Adam, Lei Ye, Alfredo Fusco, Serena Giunti, Christina Thaller, Laura Paladini, Xinna Zhang, Camilo Jimenez, Francesco Trimarchi, Adel K El-Naggar, and Robert F Gagel
Introduction Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a neuroendocrine tumour thought to originate from neural crest parafollicular C-cells. Approximately 25% of MTC cases occur in the context of autosomal dominant multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome
Mahdi Fallah, Kristina Sundquist, and Kari Hemminki
nuclear family ( Amundadottir et al . 2004 ). Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is the third most common thyroid neoplasm (3–10%) after papillary (50–80%) and follicular (10–40%) carcinomas ( Hundahl et al . 1998 , Boyle 2008 , Pacini et al . 2010
Huy Gia Vuong, Toru Odate, Hanh T T Ngo, Thong Quang Pham, Thao T K Tran, Kunio Mochizuki, Tadao Nakazawa, Ryohei Katoh, and Tetsuo Kondo
clinicopathological features of sporadic MTCs are presented in Table 2 . Table 2 Associations of RET , RAS mutation and RET M918T mutation with the clinicopathological parameters of sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma. Clinicopathological
Eric Y Lian, Sarah M Maritan, Jessica G Cockburn, Katayoon Kasaian, Mathieu J F Crupi, David Hurlbut, Steven J M Jones, Sam M Wiseman, and Lois M Mulligan
, Romei et al . 2016 ). Constitutive activation of RET by specific point mutations gives rise to medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), a tumour of thyroid C-cells, as part of the familial cancer syndrome multiple endocrine neoplasia 2 (MEN2), and also occur
Viktor Johanson, Håkan Ahlman, Peter Bernhardt, Svante Jansson, Lars Kölby, Fredrik Persson, Göran Stenman, Christina Swärd, Bo Wängberg, Mats Stridsberg, and Ola Nilsson
Introduction Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) accounts for 5–10% of all thyroid cancer. Most cases are sporadic but about 25% occur in patients with the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2) syndrome ( Brauckhoff et al
Nabahet Ameur, Ludovic Lacroix, Sophie Roucan, Véronique Roux, Sophie Broutin, Monique Talbot, Corinne Dupuy, Bernard Caillou, Martin Schlumberger, and Jean-Michel Bidart
Introduction Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) derives from thyroid C cells, a neuroendocrine cell that produces calcitonin and represents <1% of all thyroid cells ( Leboulleux et al . 2004 , Matias-Guiu et al . 2004 , Hoff & Hoff 2007 ). MTC